TAILIEUCHUNG - Encyclopedia of Global Resources part 139

Encyclopedia of Global Resources part 139 provides a wide variety of perspectives on both traditional and more recent views of Earth's resources. It serves as a bridge connecting the domains of resource exploitation, environmentalism, geology, and biology, and it explains their interrelationships in terms that students and other nonspecialists can understand. The articles in this set are extremely diverse, with articles covering soil, fisheries, forests, aluminum, the Industrial Revolution, the . Department of the Interior, the hydrologic cycle, glass, and placer mineral deposits. . | 1286 . Geological Survey Global Resources . Geological Survey Category Organizations agencies and programs Date Established March 3 1879 The scientific and resource management accomplishments of the United States Geological Survey USGS are global in their applications. The USGS provides scientific ser vices to more than one hundred countries. In addition USGS scientists and technicians continue to develop analytical techniques and instrumentation in order to provide reliable scientific data to help world leaders make decisions. Background The policy of westward expansion of the early United States created the need for more precise maps and an accurate assessment of the mineral wealth and natural resources of these lands. In 1803 Thomas Jefferson authorized the purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France and in the process nearly doubled the size of the countr y. In an attempt to assess what the . had purchased Jefferson commissioned Meriwether Lewis and William Clark to explore the northwestern portion of the territory as far as the Pacific Ocean. Upon their return Lewis and Clark provided maps and scientific reports describing all the wonders they had seen during the expedition. Further exploration of the Louisiana Territory took Zebulon Pike west into Colorado and New Mexico. All of these expeditions demonstrated clearly the economic potential of the region. They also highlighted the need for additional scientific knowledge of these lands and for more detailed maps to aid future settlers. Prior to the creation of the USGS in 1879 scientific investigations of natural resources were considered the responsibility of individual states or private organizations. In 1836 Congress authorized a scientific expedition the United States Exploring Expedition to the Pacific to evaluate the potential of its commercial resources. Then in 1838 Congress established the Corps of Topographical Engineers to explore and map the continent. For the following twenty years .

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