TAILIEUCHUNG - SOWING AND HARVESTING

The careful application of the principles of soil treatment discussed in the preceding chapters will leave the soil in good condition for sowing, either in the fall or spring. Nevertheless, though proper dry-farming insures a first-class seed-bed, the problem of sowing is one of the most difficult in the successful production of crops without irrigation. This is chiefly due to the difficulty of choosing, under somewhat rainless conditions, a time for sowing that will insure rapid and complete germination and the establishmcnt of a root system capable of producing good plants. In some respects fewer definite, reliable principles can. | SOWING AND HARVESTING The careful application of the principles of soil treatment discussed in the preceding chapters will leave the soil in good condition for sowing either in the fall or spring. Nevertheless though proper dry-farming insures a first-class seed-bed the problem of sowing is one of the most difficult in the successful production of crops without irrigation. This is chiefly due to the difficulty of choosing under somewhat rainless conditions a time for sowing that will insure rapid and complete germination and the establishmcnt of a root system capable of producing good plants. In some respects fewer definite reliable principles can be laid down concerning sowing than any other principle of important application in the practice of dry-farming. The experience of the last fifteen years has taught that the occasional failures to which even good dry-farmers have been subjected have been caused almost wholly by uncontrollable unfavorable conditions prevailing at the time of sowing. Conditions of germination Three conditions determine germination 1 heat 2 oxygen and 3 water. Unless these three conditions are all favorable seeds cannot germinate properly. The first requisite for successful seed germination is a proper degree of heat. For every kind of seed there is a temperature below which germination does not occur another above which it does not occur and another the best at which providing the other factors are favorable germination will go on most rapidly. The following table constructed by Goodale shows the latest highest and best germination temperatures for wheat barley and corn. Other seeds germinate approximately within the same ranges of temperature -- Germination Temperatures Degrees Farenheit Lowest Highest Best Wheat 41 108 84 Barley 41 100 84 Corn 49 115 91 Germination occurs within the considerable range between the highest and lowest temperatures of this table though the rapidity of germination decreases as the temperature recedes from the

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