TAILIEUCHUNG - European Savings Banks Group

The main contributions of the paper are based on the large dataset on loan operations for which data on ex post risk are available. The study uses information on the more than three million loans entered into by Spanish credit institutions over a complete business cycle collected by the Bank of Spain’s Credit Register [Central de Información de Riesgos, CIR). With very few exceptions [such as Berger and Udell (1990)], much of the existing empirical literature on credit risk relies on data from surveys of a limited number of borrowers or lenders, usually referring to only one. | European Savings Banks Group CSR Lab on Business involvement to enhance social inclusion at local level Partnering with The European Alliance for CSR European Savings Banks Group CSR Lab on Business involvement to enhance social inclusion at local level I. General background 1. The European Alliance on CSR At the occasion of the adoption of the Communication on CSR in March 20061 the European Commission launched the European Alliance on CSR. It invited enterprises to publicly express their support and commitment to CSR by joining the Alliance. More than 260 companies now formally support this initiative2. In the Communication the European Commission also recommended that companies supporting the Alliance should set up open coalitions for cooperation to explore and develop joint operational projects in partnership with relevant experts and stakeholders . The objective should be to define concrete CSR solutions projects in a number of priority areas such as innovation and entrepreneurship in sustainable technologies products and services which address societal needs CSR and SMEs integration of social and environmental considerations in business operations improving and developing skills for employability diversity and equal opportunities dialogue and engagement with all relevant stakeholders etc. These working groups are referred to as laboratory meetings labs . 2. ESBG member banks commitment to CSR Savings banks embody a stakeholder model seeking at the same time to be profitable but also to bring value and return to the whole community of stakeholders which surround them -suppliers customers employees and the local community in which they operate. Community investment activities improvement of living conditions support to greater social cohesion education projects etc are therefore an integral part of savings banks identity throughout Europe and one of their distinctive features amongst retail banking institutions. It is nowadays only one of the pillars of their .

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