TAILIEUCHUNG - Occupational Cancer: A WORKPLACE GUIDE

Given the rapid pace of research findings and clinical refinement related to cancer prevention and treatment, the content of the NCI Thésaurus evolves rapidly. To keep the information as up to date as possible, a new release is made every month. With nearly a dozen full time subject matter experts working on different parts of the terminology, a well-structured and complex process is used to ensure accuracy and coherence. NCI uses the Apelon, . | Occupational cancer A WORKPLACE GUIDE What is cancer Cancer is not a single disease with a single type of treatment. There are more than 200 different kinds of cancer affecting different parts of the body. Cancers occur when new cells start growing out of control and develop into a lump or tumour. These tumours can be either benign or malignant. If it is benign the cells do not spread to other parts of the body but if it is malignant the tumour can spread beyond the original area. Cancer is the name given to a malignant tumour. If the tumour is left untreated it may spread into the surrounding tissues. Sometimes cells break away from the original cancer and spread to other organs in the body through the bloodstream or lymphatic system. When the cancer cells reach a new area they go on dividing and form a new tumour. Cancers can develop for a wide range of reasons. These include exposure to radiation -both from radioactive materials and the sun - infection by certain viruses a genetic defect a weakened immune system age bad diet and exposure to chemical carcinogens. Carcinogens damage cells and make them more likely to turn cancerous. There are a wide range of known carcinogens including tobacco smoke asbestos fibres diesel exhaust radiation and a wide range of chemicals found in the workplace. Although some cancers seem to develop for no apparent reason most are a result of exposure to a carcinogen lifestyle issues genetic defects age or a combination of these. This booklet primarily deals with cancers caused through exposures that are a result of work. Cancer numbers Roughly a quarter of a million people are diagnosed with cancer every year and it is estimated that this figure will rise to almost 300 000 by 2020. Estimates of how many are caused through work vary considerably. This is because if a worker develops lung cancer it is impossible to say whether they developed the cancer because they smoked because they were exposed to a carcinogen at work such as .

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