TAILIEUCHUNG - CHILDHOOD CANCER MORTALITY

The pathology report answers questions about a breast abnormality Breast tissue can develop abnormalities that are sometimes cancerous. Usually breast cancer begins either in the cells of the lobules, which are milk-producing glands, or the ducts, the passages that drain milk from the lobules to the nipple. Breast cancers have many characteristics that help determine the best treatment. is the breast abnormality a cancer? A lump or spot in the breast can be made of normal cells or cancer cells. Cancer cells are cells that grow in an uncontrolled way. They may stay in the place where they started to grow, or they. | CHILDHOOD CANCER MORTALITY XIV Lynn A. Gloeckler Ries Introduction Over the past two decades childhood cancer mortality in the United States has declined dramatically. To present a comprehensive picture of childhood cancer occurrence and outcome it would be ideal to include cancer-specific data on incidence survival and mortality within each individual chapter of the monograph. The available data on mortality however are obtained from death certificates and collected by the National Center for Health Statistics NCHS for the entire United States. In addition to the difference in geographic coverage between NCHS and SEER areas the cancer classification used by NCHS for mortality is less specific than that used by SEER areas. Therefore we are presenting this separate chapter on cancer mortality and have included incidence 1 2 comparisons based on comparable definitions to the mortality data 3 . A further explanation on differences between the incidence definitions used in the Figure Trends in childhood cancer age-adjusted rates all races both sexes age 20 SEER incidence US mortality 1975-95 Year of diagnosis death Adjusted to the 1970 US standard population Figure Percent distribution of childhood cancer mortality by type and age group age 20 all races both sexes United States 1995 I Leukemias EZIBrain ONS M Other I other chapters and mortality is included at the end of this chapter. The mortality data are provided by the National Center for Health Statistics to the National Cancer Institute on public-use tapes. All Sites In contrast to incidence rates cancer mortality declined substantially between 1975 and 1995 Figure . There were statistically significant declines in mortality for each of the five-year age groups 5 5-9 10-14 and 15-19 for cancers combined. The declines by age group ranged from to percent per year. The overall decline in mortality was nearly 40 percent between 1975 and 1995 a statistically significant decrease of .

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