TAILIEUCHUNG - Cracker Handbook 1.0 part 44

Tham khảo tài liệu 'cracker handbook part 44', công nghệ thông tin, kỹ thuật lập trình phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Purpose To load the register of the extra segment Syntax LES destiny source The source operator must be a double word operator in memory. The content of the word with the larger address is interpreted as the segment address and it is placed in ES. The word with the smaller address is the displacement address and it is placed in the specified register on the destiny parameter. Stack instructions These instructions allow the use of the stack to store or retrieve data. POP POPF PUSH PUSHF POP INSTRUCTION Purpose It recovers a piece of information from the stack Syntax POP destiny This instruction transfers the last value stored on the stack to the destiny operator it then increases by 2 the SP register. This increase is due to the fact that the stack grows from the highest memory segment address to the lowest and the stack only works with words 2 bytes so then by increasing by two the SP register in reality two are being subtracted from the real size of the stack. POPF INSTRUCTION Purpose It extracts the flags stored on the stack Syntax POPF This command transfers bits of the word stored on the higher part of the stack to the flag register. The way of transference is as follows BIT FLAG 0 CF 2 PF 4 AF 6 ZF 7 SF 8 TF 9 IF 10 DF 11 OF These localities are the same for the PUSHF command. Once the transference is done the SP register is increased by 2 diminishing the size of the stack. PUSH INSTRUCTION Purpose It places a word on the stack. Syntax PUSH source The PUSH instruction decreases by two the value of SP and then transfers the content of the source operator to the new resulting address on the recently modified register. The decrease on the address is due to the fact that when adding values to the stack this one grows from the greater to the smaller segment address therefore by subtracting 2 from the SP register what we do is to increase the size of the stack by two bytes which is the only quantity of information the stack can handle on each input and output of

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