TAILIEUCHUNG - Mammographic density and breast cancer risk: the role of the fat surrounding the fibroglandular tissue

The first serious efforts to estimate the number of new and existing cancer cases in a given population were made at the turn of the century in various European countries. In Germany, an attempt was made in 1900 to register all cancer patients who were under medical treatment. Questionnaires were sent to every physician in the country to record the prevalence of cancer on 15 October 1900 (Anon., 1901). The same approach was adopted between 1902 and 1908 in Denmark, Hungary, Iceland, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain and Sweden. These efforts were not very successful, however, mainly due to poor collaboration by the physicians. Similar surveys were conducted in. | Lokate et al. Breast Cancer Research 2011 13 R103 http content 13 5 R103 Breast Cancer RESEARCH RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Mammographic density and breast cancer risk the role of the fat surrounding the fibroglandular tissue 1 14 1 2 3 1 Mariette Lokate Petra HM Peeters Linda M Peelen Gerco Haars Wouter B Veldhuis and Carla H van Gils Abstract Introduction Both the percent of mammographic density and absolute dense fibroglandular area are strong breast cancer risk factors. The role of non-dense fat breast tissue is not often investigated but we hypothesize that this also influences risk. In this study we investigated the independent effects of dense and fat tissue as well as their combined effect on postmenopausal breast cancer risk. Methods We performed a nested case-control study within the EPIC-NL cohort 358 postmenopausal breast cancer cases and 859 postmenopausal controls . We used multivariate logistic regression analyses to estimate breast cancer odds ratios adjusted for body mass index and other breast cancer risk factors. Results Large areas of dense upper Q5 vs lower quintile Q1 OR 95 CI to and fat tissue Q5 vs Q1 OR 95 CI to were independently associated with higher breast cancer risk. The combined measure showed that the highest risk was found in women with both a large above median area of dense and fat tissue. Conclusions Fibroglandular and breast fat tissue have independent effects on breast cancer risk. The results indicate that the non-dense tissue which represents the local breast fat increases risk even independent of body mass index BMI . When studying dense breast tissue in relation to breast cancer risk adjustment for non-dense tissue seems to change risk estimates to a larger extent than adjustment for BMI. This indicates that adjustment for non-dense tissue should be considered when studying associations between dense areas and breast cancer risk. Introduction In the last two decades many

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