TAILIEUCHUNG - Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report - Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-Care Settings

Although a significant proportion of the general population has low health literacy, certain groups have an even higher prevalence of the problem. Such groups include the elderly, minorities, individuals who have not completed high school, adults who spoke a language other than English before starting school, and people living in poverty. 14 12 For instance, the NAAL demonstrated a higher prevalence of poor health literacy among the elderly. Compared with the 36 percent of all adults who scored in the bottom two categories on the NAAL survey, 59 percent of adults age 65 and older scored in the “below basic” and “basic”. | MMWR TM Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report Recommendations and Reports October 25 2002 Vol. 51 No. RR-16 Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-Care Settings Recommendations of the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee and the HICPAC SHEA APIC IDSA Hand Hygiene Task Force INSIDE Continuing Education Examination centers for Disease Control and Prevention safer healthier people MMWR The MMWR series of publications is published by the Epidemiology Program Office Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC . Department of Health and Human Services Atlanta GA 30333. SUGGESTED CITATION Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-Care Settings Recommendations of the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee and the HICPAC SHEA APIC IDSA Hand Hygiene Task Force. MMWR 2002 51 No. RR-16 inclusive page numbers . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Julie L. Gerberding . . Director David W. Fleming . Deputy Director for Science and Public Health Dixie E. Snider Jr. . . Associate Director for Science Epidemiology Program Office Stephen B. Thacker . . Director Office of Scientific and Health Communications John W. Ward . Director Editor MMWR Series Suzanne M. Hewitt . Managing Editor Rachel J. Wilson Douglas W. Weatherwax Project Editors Malbea A. Heilman Beverly J. Holland Visual Information Specialists Quang M. Doan Erica R. Shaver Information Technology Specialists CONTENTS Part I. Review of the Scientific Data Regarding Hand Hygiene . 1 Historical Perspective . 1 Normal Bacterial Skin Flora . 2 Physiology of Normal Skin . 2 Definition of Terms. 3 Evidence of Transmission of Pathogens on Hands. 4 Models of Hand Transmission. 5 Relation of Hand Hygiene and Acquisition of Health-Care-Associated Pathogens . 5 Methods Used To Evaluate the Efficacy of Hand-Hygiene Products. 6 Review of Preparations Used for Hand Hygiene. 8 Activity of Antiseptic Agents Against .

• Y học thường thức
• Anticholinergics
• Glucocorticotherapy
• Leukotriene Antagonists
• Omalizumab and Specific Allergen
• Sustained Vowe
• Fold Vibration
• Soil Bacteria
• Support and Protect
• Venous Thromboembolism
• Certain Groups of Patients
• misshapen nuclei