TAILIEUCHUNG - The grammar of the english verb phrase part 94

Tham khảo tài liệu 'the grammar of the english verb phrase part 94', ngoại ngữ, ngữ pháp tiếng anh phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 644 13. Adverbial when-clauses and the use of tenses when-clause . As we will see in the interval of time referred to as Advtime of the head clause will normally be interpreted as the same interval as that referred to as Adv-time of the when-clause When concentrating on the fact that these two Adv-times are identical we will use the term common Adv-time to refer to either of them. In 2b the common Adv-time is the time interval lexicalized by the antecedent a time of the relative clause. In 2a the common Adv-time remains implicit i. e. there is no NP naming the interval in question. As noted in the orientation time which is specified i. e. contained by an Adv-time will be called the contained orientation time . This may be either the situation time or another nonlexicalized orientation time to which the situation time is temporally related. Thus in 2a the Adv-time of the head clause contains the situation time of the head clause whereas the Adv-time of the when-clause contains an implicit orientation time to which the situation time of the when-clause is T-anterior. Using the terminology introduced in above we can say that in 2a John left when Bill had already arrived the when-clause as a whole functions as a situation-time adverbial with respect to the head clause whereas when meaning at which time functions as orientation-time adverbial in the when-clause itself the sentence is interpreted as John left at time t at which time Bill had already left . In John died when he was in Spain it is the situation time of the head clause that is the contained orientation time of the head clause i. e. the orientation time from the structure of the tense in the head clause that is contained by the common Adv-time. In John had already left when Bill arrived it is the orientation time to which the situation time of the head clause is anterior that is the contained orientation time of the head clause. Similarly the contained orientation time of the when-clause is

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