TAILIEUCHUNG - Japanese Is Possible - Lesson 05

Tham khảo tài liệu 'japanese is possible - lesson 05', ngoại ngữ, nhật - pháp - hoa- others phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Japanese is Possible! Lesson 5 Here come the verbs ● Verb use ● Past tense ● Useful Words ● Study Tips Using verbs In the present tense, it's very easy to make simple sentences with Japanese verbs. Why? Because in plain speech, they require no conjugation. In Japanese, the predicate verb (the main verb of a sentence), will always be at the end of a sentence, with the exception of particles that may follow it. Let's look at an example (from now on, any vocabulary that you don't recognize and that has not been explained in a previous lesson will be at the bottom of the lesson): Tanaka san wa mizu o nomu. [Tanaka tpc water oj drink.] Tanaka drinks water. Note: I have used the arbitrary abbreviations tpc to show that wa marks a topic and oj to show that o marks an object. I will also use sj to show that ga marks a subject. Ame ga furu. [Rain sj precipitate.] It's raining. Kore o kau ka. [This oj buy?] Will you buy this? Itsu gohan o taberu? [When meal oj eat?] When will you eat? See? It's pretty simple at this point. You can see that I put "you" in a number of the translations. The speaker could just have easily been referring anyone else, depending on the context, but if you ask something like the above and you are not talking about anybody in particular, the listener will assume that you are referring to him or her. Now that you know how to place a verb into a sentence, let's take it up a notch with: Conjugation Conjugation wise, there are three types of Japanese verbs: ichidan verbs, godan verbs, and irregular verbs. Ichidan means "one step" and verbs are put into this category because they are conjugated rather easily. Other teaching methods refer to them as ru verbs or vowel verbs. The title godan, meaning "five step" will be explained later. Godan verbs are also known as "u" verbs or consonant verbs. Let's start with ichidan verbs first, since they are the simplest. Ichidan verbs All ichidan end with either -eru or -iru. So if you see a verb with any ending other

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