TAILIEUCHUNG - Oxford guide to english grammar part 23

An intransitive verb cannot take an object, although there can be a prepositional phrase after it. Intransitive verbs usually express actions (people doing things) and events (things happening). A verb can be intransitive in one meaning and transitive in another. For example, run is transitive when it means 'manage. | 14 THE INFINITIVE 120 Verb to-infinitive 1 We can use a to-infinitive after some verbs. Iplan to visit India nextyear. People are refusing to pay the new tax. We hope to be moving into our new flat soon. We expect to have completed the work by the summer. For a list of these verbs and of verbs taking a gerund 121. NOTE The to-infinitive clause is the object ofthe main verb. Compare these sentences. I wanted to play. I wanted a game. But some verbs take a preposition before a noun. We decided to play tennis. We decided on a game of tennis. 2 We can use seem appear happen tend come grow turn out and prove with a to-infinitive. The plane seemed to be losing height. It was apparently losing height. We happened to meet in the street. We met by chance in the street. The debate turned out to be very interesting. Here the to-infinitive clause is not the object because seem appear etc are not transitive verbs. They say something about the truth of the statement or the manner or time of the action. With some of these verbs we can use the empty subject it. 50 5c It seemed that the plane was losing height. The object of the to-infinitive can be subject of a passive sentence. Active Someone seems to have stolen the computer. Passive The computer seems to have been stolen. 3 Sometimes we can use a finite clause instead of the infinitive clause. We decided to play tennis. We decided that we would play tennis. But with some verbs this is not possible. NOT People are refusing that they pay the new tax. For verb finite clause 262 1 . 121 To-infinitive or gerund after a verb 1 Verbs taking only one form Some verbs take a to-infinitive and others take a gerund. To-infinitive I decided to take a taxi. Gerund I suggested taking a taxi. PAGE 149 121 To-infinitive or gerund after a verb to-infinitive afford Note a agree Note b aim appear 120 2 arrange ask attempt be 76 be dying Note c beg can t wait care want Note d choose claim come 120 2 dare 101 decide demand gerund admit advise Note f

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