TAILIEUCHUNG - Computational Intelligence In Manufacturing Handbook P1

Computational intelligence refers to intelligence artificially realised through computation. Artificial intelligence emerged as a computer science discipline in the mid-1950s. Since then, it has produced a number of powerful tools, some of which are used in engineering to solve difficult problems normally requiring human intelligence. Five of these tools are reviewed in this chapter with examples of applications in engineering and manufacturing: knowledge-based systems, fuzzy logic, | Pham D. T. et al Computational Intelligence for Manufacturing Computational Intelligence in Manufacturing Handbook Edited by Jun Wang et al Boca Raton CRC Press LLC 2001 1 Computational Intelligence for Manufacturing Introduction Knowledge-Based Systems Fuzzy Logic D. T. Pham Inductive Learning Neural Networks University of Wales Genetic Algorithms P. T. N. Pham Some Applications in Engineering and Manufacture University of Wales Conclusion Introduction Computational intelligence refers to intelligence artificially realised through computation. Artificial intelligence emerged as a computer science discipline in the mid-1950s. Since then it has produced a number of powerful tools some of which are used in engineering to solve difficult problems normally requiring human intelligence. Five of these tools are reviewed in this chapter with examples of applications in engineering and manufacturing knowledge-based systems fuzzy logic inductive learning neural networks and genetic algorithms. All of these tools have been in existence for more than 30 years and have found many practical applications. Knowledge-Based Systems Knowledge-based systems or expert systems are computer programs embodying knowledge about a narrow domain for solving problems related to that domain. An expert system usually comprises two main elements a knowledge base and an inference mechanism. The knowledge base contains domain knowledge which may be expressed as any combination of If-Then rules factual statements or assertions frames objects procedures and cases. The inference mechanism is that part of an expert system which manipulates the stored knowledge to produce solutions to problems. Knowledge manipulation methods include the use of inheritance and constraints in a frame-based or object-oriented expert system the retrieval and adaptation of case examples in a case-based expert system and the application of inference rules such as modus ponens If A Then

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