TAILIEUCHUNG - Microeconomics for MBAs 45

Microeconomics for MBAs 45. The Economic Way of Thinking for Managers. Microeconomics for MBAs develops the economic way of thinking through problems that MBA students will find relevant to their career goals. Maths is kept simple and the theory is illustrated with real-life scenarios | Chapter 13 Imperfect Competition and Firm Strategy 16 PERSPECTIVE Economic Consequences of Treble Damages Section 4 of the Clayton Act states that Any person who shall be injured in his business or property by reason of anything forbidden in the antitrust laws may sue therefore in any district court of the United States in the district in which the defendant resides or is found or has an agent without respect to the amount in controversy and shall recover threefold the damages by him sustained and the cost of suit including a reasonable attorney s fee. In other words the successful private plaintiff in an antitrust case is to be paid treble the damages done to him by the defendant. This provision of the Clayton Act means that thousands of private firms and individuals join the Department of Justice and the Federal Trade Commission in the enforcement of antitrust laws. For many years the treble damages provision generated no controversy it accorded well with the notion that victims should be compensated and apparently served an important deterrent to potential violators. Beginning in the 1970s criticism of treble damages began to appear in the law and economics literature. Critics have pointed out that the law has costs as well as benefits. A proper assessment must take account of both costs and benefits. Economists William Breit and Kenneth G. Elzinga find three principal costs of treble damage suits the perverse incentives effect the misinformation effect and reparations costs. Perverse incentives. Treble damages can reduce the incentives of consumers to take private steps to avoid the harm done by the monopolistic firm. If the expected gains from the successful antitrust suit are high relative to the costs of buying from a monopoly seller the buyer has a positive incentive not to avoid the monopoly seller even if it is possible to do so. To put it another way the treble damage provision encourages private enforcement of antitrust laws but discourages the private

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