TAILIEUCHUNG - Lecture An introduction to computer science using java (2nd Edition): Chapter 3 - S.N. Kamin, D. Mickunas, E. Reingold

Chapter 3 - Fundamental data types of Java. In this chapter we will: Discuss four important data types: integers, real numbers, strings, characters; describe the process of developing and debugging a Java program. | Chapter 3 Fundamental Data Types of Java Lecture Slides to Accompany An Introduction to Computer Science Using Java (2nd Edition) by . Kamin, D. Mickunas, E. Reingold Chapter Preview In this chapter we will: discuss four important data types integers real numbers strings characters describe the process of developing and debugging a Java program Integers Numbers without fractional parts 3, 47, -12 Variables can be used to store integers using an assignment statement int daysInWeek; daysInWeek = 7; In general integer variables may be used any place an integer literal can be Reading Integers import CSLib.*; Inputbox in; int i; in = newInputBox(); (“Enter an integer: “); i = (); Integer Arithmetic Operations Symbol Operation Example + Addition 45 + 5 = 50 - Subtraction 657 – 57 = 600 * Multiplication 7000 * 3 = 2100 / Division 10 / 3 = 3 % Remainder 10 % 3 = 1 Precedence Rules Evaluate all subexpressions in parentheses Evaluate nested parentheses from the inside out In the absence of parentheses or within parentheses Evaluate *, /, or % before + or – Evaluate sequences of *, /, and % operators from left to right Evaluate sequences of + and – operators from left to right Precedence Examples Example 1 6 + 37 % 8 / 5 is the same as 6 + ((37 % 8) / 5) = 6 + ( 5 / 5) = 7 Example 2 6 + 37 % (8 / 5) = 6 + 37 % 1 = 6 + 0 = 6 Additional Integer Operators Self-assignment temperature = temperature + 10; Increment cent++; equivalent to cent = cent + 1; Decrement cent--; equivalent to cent = cent - 1; Initializers May be used to give variables initial values int x = 5; int y = 6; Can be written more concisely int x = 5, y = 6; Can use expressions on the right hand side int x = 5, y = x + 1; Symbolic Constants Useful when you want a variable whose value never changes Use the modifier final in its declaration Example final int US_Population = 278058881; Real Numbers Numbers with fractional parts , , , , Declared using the type

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