TAILIEUCHUNG - Lecture Biology (6e): Chapter 29 - Campbell, Reece
Chapter 29 - Plant diversity I: How plants colonized land. After studying this chapter you will be able to: Describe four shared characteristics and four distinct characteristics between charophytes and land plants, diagram and label the life cycle of a bryophyte, explain why most bryophytes grow close to the ground and are restricted to periodically moist environments. | CHAPTER 29 PLANT DIVERSITY I: HOW PLANTS COLONIZED LAND Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Section A: An Overview of Land Plant Evolution 1. Evolutionary adaptations to terrestrial living characterize the four main groups of land plants 2. Charophyceans are the green algae most closely related to land plants 3. Several terrestrial adaptations distinguish land plants from charophycean algae More than 280,000 species of plants inhabit Earth today. Most plants live in terrestrial environments, including deserts, grasslands, and forests. Some species, such as sea grasses, have returned to aquatic habitats. Land plants (including the sea grasses) evolved from a certain green algae, called charophyceans. Introduction Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings There are four main groups of land plants: bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms, and angiosperms. The most common bryophytes are mosses. The pteridophytes include ferns. The gymnosperms include pines and other conifers. The angiosperms are the flowering plants. 1. Evolutionary adaptations to terrestrial living characterize the four main groups of land plants Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Mosses and other bryophytes have evolved several adaptations, especially reproductive adaptations, for life on land. For example, the offspring develop from multicellular embryos that remain attached to the “mother” plant which protects and nourished the embryos. The other major groups of land plants evolved vascular tissue and are known as the vascular plants. In vascular tissues, cells join into tubes that transport water and nutrients throughout the plant body. Most bryophytes lack water-conducting tubes and are sometimes referred to as “nonvascular plants.” Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Ferns and .
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