TAILIEUCHUNG - The Philosophy of Vacuum Part 3

The Philosophy of Vacuum Part 3. Physicists will find it extremely interesting, covering, as it does, technical subjects in an accessible way. For those with the necessary expertise, this book will provide an illuminating and authoritative exposition of a many-sided subject." -John D. Barrow, Times Literary Supplement. | 1 On the Ether ALBERT EINSTEIN If we are here going to talk about the ether we are not of course talking about the physical or material ether of the mechanical theory of undulations which is subject to the laws of Newtonian mechanics to the points of which are attributed a certain velocity. This theoretical edifice has I am convinced finally played out its role since the setting up of the special theory of relativity. It is rather more generally a question of those kinds of things that are considered as physically real which play a role in the causal nexus of physics apart from the ponderable matter that consists of electrical elementary particles. Therefore instead of speaking of an ether one could equally well speak of physical qualities of space. Now one could take the position that all physical objects fall under this category because in the final analysis in a theory of fields the ponderable matter or the elementary particles that constitute this matter also have to be considered as fields of a particular kind or as particular states of the space. But one would have to agree that at the present state of physics such a point of view would be premature because up to now all efforts directed to this aim in theoretical physics have led to failure. In the present situation we are de facto forced to make a distinction between matter and fields while we hope that later generations will be able to overcome this dualistic concept and replace it with a unitary one such as the field theory of today has sought in vain. It is generally assumed that Newtonian physics does not recognize an ether and that it is the undulatory theory of light that first introduced this ubiquitous medium able to influence physical phenomena. But this is not the case. Newtonian mechanics has its ether in the suggested sense which however is called absolute space . In order to understand this clearly and at the same time to Originally published as Über den Äther Schweizerische naturforschende .

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