TAILIEUCHUNG - STATE LAWS TO REDUCE THE IMPACT OF ALCOHOL MARKETING ON YOUTH: Current Status and Model Policies

In the course of updating the earlier research, the authors reviewed the 12 regulatory categories covered in the original report and eliminated three of them (restrictions on portraying children, athletic achievement, and intoxication) because of their limited scope and the difficulty in enforcing them. Two of the earlier placement categories (outdoor ads near children and outdoor ads near schools, playgrounds, and churches) had substantial overlap and were combined into a single “outdoor ads” category. As a result, this report reviews state laws (statutory and regulatory) in eight categories. . | STATE LAWS TO REDUCE THE IMPACT OF ALCOHOL MARKETING ON YOUTH Current Status and Model Policies Introduction The alcohol industry spends more than 4 billion each year marketing its products. 1 Underage youth receive substantial exposure to this marketing 2-4 and multiple longitudinal studies have correlated this exposure with greater likelihood of drinking or if young people have already initiated alcohol use drinking 6 Reducing the impact of alcohol marketing on young people is an important public health goal since underage drinking is a significant contributor to youth alcohol-related motor vehicle crashes and other forms of injury violence suicide and problems associated with school and State public health departments in California Massachusetts and Florida have made crucial strides in reducing underage smoking rates in their states by sponsoring tobacco counter-advertising 9 Research indicates that this approach should also be used as part of a comprehensive public health strategy to reduce underage However in the case of alcohol few experiments in counter-advertising have been carried out. Alcoholspecific media literacy is another strategy that has shown promise 11 but it is expensive to implement and has not been tested on a broad scale. The appeal of alcohol to underage youth can also be limited by reducing youth exposure to alcohol advertising and marketing. The Federal Trade Commission has issued a series of reports on the topic and has encouraged voluntary action on the part of the alcohol 12 13 In response alcohol marketers have made some limited reforms in their voluntary codes. However these revisions fall far short of recommendations from the National Academy of Sciences 14 state attorneys general 15 16 and other scientific and advocacy organizations. In the last decade while youth exposure to alcohol advertising has declined in magazines 2 it has increased substantially on television growing at a .

• Marketing - Bán hàng
• Thyroid Cancer
• Glycosylation and Glycoproteins
• Potential Role
• Laboratory Infectious Animals
• Mathematical Modeling
• IL 2 Based Immune
• BMC Cancer
• Thyroid function
• Predicting thyroid cancer risk
• Thyroid stimulating hormone
• Thyroid malignancy
• Types of thyroid malignancy
• Thyroid carcinoma
• Thyroid enlarged
• Undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma
• Papillary thyroid cancer
• Thyroid cancer and age
• Thyroid cancer staging
• Cox proportional hazards models
• Benign thyroid disease
• Thyroid surgery
• Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma
• Multivariate logistic regression
• Thyroid gland
• Diffuse thyroid disease
• Thyroid nodule
• Tumor associated calcium signal transducer 2
• Anaplastic thyroid cancer
• Papillary thyroid carcinoma
• Iodide uptake
• Thyroid cells
• Medical medium thyroid healing
• Thyroid guess tests
• Thyroid medication
• Thyroid revelations
• Thyroid nodules
• Growth kinetics
• Growth rates
• Tumor growth
• Thyroid carcinomas
• Thyroid adenomas
• Differentiated thyroid carcinomas
• Papillary Carcinoma
• Papillary thyroid microcarcinomas
• Puerto rico
• Non Hispanic Blacks
• Third highest rate worldwide
• Small tumors
• Overcoming initial malcontent
• Their physicians
• FGF signaling
• Tyrosine kinase inhibitors
• Disrupt pathways
• Childhood cancer
• Childhood cancer survivor
• Breast cancer screening
• Thyroid cancer screening
• Secondary cancer
• Shear wave
• Shear wave elastography
• Detecting malignant thyroid nodules
• Elasticity index
• Differentiated thyroid cancer
• Tumor burden
• Risk stratification
• American Thyroid Association
• Gene expression
• Radioactive iodine
• Consequential overtreatment
• Cross calibration
• Differentiated thyroid carcinoma
• Negative neck ultrasonography
• Radioiodine therapy
• Sarcoid lesions
• Mimic metastatic disease
• Thyroid epithelial cells
• Cell migration
• RNA pull down
• Thyroid ultrasound
• Ultrasound guided FNA
• Ultrasound in themanagement of thyroid cancer
• Parathyroid ultrasonography
• The management of thyroid nodules
• Percutaneous ethanol injection
• Fine needle aspiration biopsy
• Thyroid carcinomas nodule
• BRAF gene mutations
• Langerhans cell histiocytosis
• Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma
• Epigenetic alterations
• Therapy targets
• Lymph nodes
• No LNM
• Central LNM