TAILIEUCHUNG - Spatial modelling of air pollution in urban areas with GIS: a case study on integrated database development

Physical damage functions relating health (mortality and morbidity) to air pollution levels have been estimated over a number of years in different countries. Although the net effect of pollutants on health is unclear, the Committee of the Medical Effects of Air Pollution (COMEAP), set up by the UK government has found the strongest link between health and pollution to be for particulates (PM10), sulphur dioxide (SO2) and ozone (O3) (Department of Health, 1998). A subsequent study by the Department of Health (1999) investigated the link between deaths brought forward and hospital admission caused by air pollution and economic cost, and found this cost to be substantial | Advances in Geosciences 4 63-68 2005 SRef-ID 1680-7359 adgeo 2005-4-63 European Geosciences Union 2005 Author s . This work is licensed under a Creative Commons License. Advances in Geosciences Spatial modelling of air pollution in urban areas with GIS a case study on integrated database development L. Matejicek Institute for Environmental Studies Charles University Prague 128 01 Czech Republic Received 1 August 2004 - Revised 1 November 2004 - Accepted 15 November 2004 - Published 9 August 2005 Abstract. A wide range of data collected by monitoring systems and by mathematical and physical modelling can be managed in the frame of spatial models developed in GIS. In addition to data management and standard environmental analysis of air pollution data from remote sensing aerial and satellite images can ehance all data sets. In spite of the fact that simulation of air pollutant distribution is carried out by standalone computer systems the spatial database in the framework of the GIS is used to support decision-making processes in a more efficient way. Mostly data are included in the map layers as attributes. Other map layers are carried out by the methods of spatial interpolation raster algebra and case oriented analysis. A series of extensions is built into the GIS to adapt its functionality. As examples the spatial models of a flat urban area and a street canyon with extensive traffic polluted with NOx are constructed. Different scales of the spatial models require variable methods of construction data management and spatial data sources. The measurement of NOx and O3 by an automatic monitoring system and data from the differential absorption LIDAR are used for investigation of air pollution. Spatial data contain digital maps of both areas complemented by digital elevation models. Environmental analyses represent spatial interpolations of air pollution that are displayed in horizontal and vertical planes. Case oriented analyses are mostly focused on risk assessment

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