TAILIEUCHUNG - Cancer of the Female Breast

Even with “clean” technology and improved, modern, workplace safety practices, the risks can be real. A 2006 US study using the firm’s own ‘Corporate Mortality File’, found staff employed at IBM computer factories had high rates of a range of cancers linked to exposures to chemicals and electromagnetic fields. Studies have found similar problems in computer factories in other countries. Office jobs too can have their risks. After Australian media union MEAA raised concerns about apparently high breast cancer risks in the broadcaster’s Brisbane studios, the findings were confirmed in a management- commissioned study. The studio was shut down. Other. | Chapter 13 Cancer of the Female Breast Lynn A. Gloeckler Ries and Milton P. Eisner INTRODUCTION This study presents survival analyses for female breast cancer based on 302 763 adult cases from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results SEER Program of the National Cancer Institute NCI . This chapter focuses on the influence of extent of disease extension of tumor size nodal involvement number of nodes involved histology histologic grade receptor status and demographic factors on female breast cancer survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS The NCI contracts with medically oriented nonprofit institutions -- such as universities and state health departments -- to obtain data on all cancers diagnosed in residents of the SEER geographic areas except basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas of the skin and in situ cervical cancer. SEER selects areas on the basis of their ability to operate and maintain a population-based cancer reporting system and the epidemiologic significance of their population subgroups. The analysis in this article is from 12 geographic areas representing approximately 14 of the United States population. The geographic areas include the States of Connecticut Iowa New Mexico Utah and Hawaii the metropolitan areas of Detroit Atlanta San Francisco San Jose Los Angeles and Seattle Alaska Natives and ten counties in rural Georgia. All registries contributed data for diagnosis years 1988-2001 except Los Angeles which contributed data for 1992-2001. Each registry is responsible for abstracting the records of all cancer patients who reside in the given area. To ensure maximal ascertainment of cancer cases registries seek records from hospitals laboratories and all other health service units that provide diagnostic services. Data collected on each patient include patient demographics primary tumor site morphology diagnostic methods extent of disease and first course of cancer-directed therapy. A separate record is coded for each primary cancer. With the exception

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