TAILIEUCHUNG - The Mark of a Criminal Record

The capital constraints of the organization may necessitate a top‐down budgeting process. However, a comprehensive analysis of need with a standardized method of prioritizing capital spend is equally required. The Port Authority is an asset manager that owns and manages billions of dollars of infrastructure and must devote a significant portion of its capital to support the state of good repair of this portfolio as well as provide for new investments in the system with discipline. A systematic evaluation of needs must be conducted to balance the capital capacity constraints of the Port Authority with the imperatives of the operating businesses, while appropriately providing for contingencies in an aging asset base. In addition, while the Port Authority has made progress in identifying a hierarchy to better manage the stewardship of capital, effective command and control over planning processes and disciplined project delivery must be established. . | The Mark of a Criminal Record1 Devah Pager Northwestern University With over 2 million individuals currently incarcerated and over half a million prisoners released each year the large and growing number of men being processed through the criminal justice system raises important questions about the consequences of this massive institutional intervention. This article focuses on the consequences of incarceration for the employment outcomes of black and white job seekers. The present study adopts an experimental audit approach in which matched pairs of individuals applied for real entry-level jobs to formally test the degree to which a criminal record affects subsequent employment opportunities. The findings of this study reveal an important and much underrecognized mechanism of stratification. A criminal record presents a major barrier to employment with important implications for racial disparities. While stratification researchers typically focus on schools labor markets and the family as primary institutions affecting inequality a new institution has emerged as central to the sorting and stratifying of young and disadvantaged men the criminal justice system. With over 2 million individuals currently incarcerated and over half a million prisoners released each year the large and growing numbers of men being processed through the criminal justice system raises important questions about the consequences of this massive institutional intervention. This article focuses on the consequences of incarceration for the em- 1 Support for this research includes grants from the National Science Foundation SES-0101236 the National Institute of Justice 2002-IJ-CX-0002 the Joyce Foundation and the Soros Foundation. Views expressed in this document are my own and do not necessarily represent those of the granting agencies. I am grateful for comments and suggestions from Marc Bendick Jr. Robert M. Hauser Erik Olin Wright Lincoln Quillian David B. Grusky Eric Grodsky Chet Pager .

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