TAILIEUCHUNG - OCA /OCP Oracle Database 11g A ll-in-One Exam Guide- P41

OCA /OCP Oracle Database 11g A ll-in-One Exam Guide- P41:There is an ever increasing demand for staff with IT industry certification. The benefits to employers are significant—they can be certain that staff have a certain level of competence—and the benefits to the individuals, in terms of demand for their services, are equally great. Many employers are now requiring technical staff to have certifications, and many IT purchasers will not buy from firms that do not have certified staff. | OCA OCP Oracle Database 11g All-in-One Exam Guide 356 If you are using UNDO_MANAGEMENT AUTO you must also specify UNDO_ TABLESPACE. This parameter nominates a tablespace which must have been created as an undo tablespace as the active undo tablespace. All the undo segments within it will be brought online that is made available for use automatically. Lastly UNDO_RETENTION set in seconds is usually optional. It specifies a target for keeping inactive undo data and determines when it becomes classified as expired rather than unexpired. If for example your longest running query is thirty minutes you would set this parameter to 1800. Oracle will then attempt to keep all undo data for at least 1800 seconds and your query should therefore never fail with ORA-1555. If however you do not set this parameter or set it to zero Oracle will still keep data for as long as it can anyway. The algorithm controlling which expired undo data is overwritten first will always choose to overwrite the oldest bit of data therefore UNDO_RETENTION is always at the maximum allowed by the size of the tablespace. Where the UNDO_RETENTION parameter is not optional is if you have configured guaranteed undo retention. The default mode of operation for undo is that Oracle will favor transactions over queries. If the sizing of the undo tablespace is such that a choice has to be made between the possibility of a query failing with ORA-1555 and the certainty of a transaction failing with ORA-30036 Oracle will choose to let the transaction continue by overwriting undo data that a query might need. In other words the undo retention is only a target that Oracle will try to achieve. But there may be circumstances when successful queries are considered more important than successful transactions. An example might be the end-of-month billing run for a utilities company when it might be acceptable to risk transactions being blocked for a few hours while the reports are generating. Another case is if you are

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