TAILIEUCHUNG - The A to Z of the Vikings 10

The A to Z of the Vikings 10. This book provides a comprehensive work of reference for people interested in the Vikings, including entries on the main historical figures involved in this dramatic period, important battles and treaties, significant archaeological finds, and key works and sources of information on the period. It also summarizes the impact the Vikings had on the areas where they traveled and settled. There is a chronological table, detailed and annotated bibliographies for different themes and geographical locations, and an introduction discussing the major events and developments of the Viking age | 68 CNUT I THE GREAT c. 995 -1035 for a Scandinavian audience emphasizes both his right to the English throne and his godliness see for example Hallvarồr háreksblesLs Knútsdrápa . In one of the few surviving images of Cnut he and Emma are famously pictured presenting a gold cross to the New Minster in Winchester Liber Vitae New Minster Register British Library MS Stowe 944 f6r . Cnut did not become king of Denmark until 1018 19 following the death of his older brother Harald. While in Denmark at this time Cnut composed the first of two known letters to his English subjects in which he announced his intention to support the rights of the Church and to uphold just laws in his kingdom. He also explained that the purpose of his visit was to protect his English subjects from some unspecified danger. He returned to Denmark just a few years later in 1022-1023 to deal with what was probably a challenge to his rule there. Certainly in 1026 he faced and defeated a Danish-Swedish alliance in the Battle of Holy River. In 1027 Cnut attended the coronation of the Emperor Conrad II in Rome and on his return journey he sent a second letter to his English subjects in which he claimed to be rex totius Angliae et Denemarciae et Norreganorum et parties Suanorum king of all England and Denmark and the Norwegians and some of the Swedes . Cnut s claim to be king of some of the Swedes is difficult to explain coins minted in Sigtuna with the legend CNUT REX SW should be interpreted as copies of English coins rather than a genuine coinage recording Cnut s rule over the Svear see Svealand for example there are also dies from Sigtuna with the name of the English king thelred II ETHELRED REX ANGLORUM . However a number of rune-stones see rune from central eastern Sweden do commemorate men who received Cnut s geld or payment in England and the sort of overlordship Cnut was claiming would therefore seem to be a personal rather than a territorial one. The letter of 1027 clearly demonstrates Cnut s

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