TAILIEUCHUNG - IELTS Academic Reading Sample 138 - The Concept of Role Theory

Hi vọng IELTS Academic Reading Sample 138 - The Concept of Role Theory sẽ cung cấp những kiến thức bổ ích cho các bạn trong quá trình ôn tập nâng cao kiến thức trước khi bước vào kì thi của mình. Mời các bạn cùng tham khảo. | You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 29 40 which are based on Reading Passage 138 below. THE CONCEPT OF ROLE THEORY Any individual in any situation occupies a role in relation to other people. The particular individual with whom one is concerned in the analysis of any situation is usually given the name of focal person. He has the focal role and can be regarded as sitting in the middle of a group of people with whom he interacts in some way in that situation. This group of people is called his role set. For instance in the family situation an individual s role set might be shown as in Figure 6. The role set should include all those with whom the individual has more than trivial interactions. 3 Role definition The definition of any individual s role in any situation will be a combination of the role expectations that the members of the role set have of the focal role. These expectations are ZIM ACADEMY Room 2501 Ocean Group Building 19 Nguyen Trai Thanh Xuan Dist Hanoi often occupationally denned sometimes even legally so. The role definitions of lawyers and doctors are fairly clearly defined both in legal and in cultural terms. The role definitions of say a film star or bank manager are also fairly clearly defined in cultural terms too clearly perhaps. Individuals often find it hard to escape from the role that cultural traditions have defined for them. Not only with doctors or lawyers is the required role behavior so constrained that if you are in that role for long it eventually becomes part of you part of your personality. Hence there is some likelihood that all accountants will be alike or that all blondes are similar - they are forced that way by the expectations of their role. It is often important that you make it clear what your particular role is at a given time. The means of doing this are called rather obviously role signs. The simplest of role signs is a uniform. The number of stripes on your arm or pips on your shoulder is a very precise .

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