TAILIEUCHUNG - Ebook Environmental soil and water chemistry - Principles and applications: Part 2

(BQ) Part 2 book "Environmental soil and water chemistry - Principles and applications" has contents: Reaction kinetics in soil water systems; organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and synthetic organics; soil colloids and water suspended solids; water quality; soil and water decontamination technologies,.and other contents. | 7 Reaction Kinetics in Soil-Water Systems INTRODUCTION There are many reactions in soil-water systems pertaining to nutrient availability. contaminant release, and nutrient or contaminant transformations. 1\vo processes regulating these reactions are chemical equilibria (Chapter 2) and kinetics. The specific kinetic processes that environmental scientists are concerned with include mineral dissolution, exchange reactions, reductive or oxidative dissolution, reductive or oxidative precipitation, and enzymatic transformation. This chapter provides a quantitative description of reaction kinetics and outlines their importance in soil-water systems. To understand reaction kinetics one needs to understand the difference between kinetics and equilibria. Generally, equilibria involves forward and reverse reactions and it is defined as the point at which the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction. Consider the mineral AB (Reaction ), where A denotes any cation (A+) and B denotes any anion (B-). Upon introducing H 20, the mineral undergoes solubilization (forward reaction) until precipitation (reverse reaction) becomes significant enough so that the two rates (forward and reverse) are equal: () The parameters kf and kb denote rate constants for the forward and reverse reactions, respectively. Reaction demonstrates mineral equilibrium through two elementary reactions-one describes the forward reaction, while a second describes the reverse reaction. When the reverse reaction is inhibited, the forward reaction is termed dissolution (., acid mineral dissolution). Reaction at the equilibrium point is described by where dA+/dt denotes the rate of the overall reaction, kIAB) describes the rate of the forward reaction, and kb(A +)(B-) describes the rate of the reverse reaction. At equilibrIum, 272 273 INTRODUCTION () and () where Keq denotes the equilibrium product constant (note, in the example above Keq = K .

• Hoá học
• Environmental soil
• Water chemistry
• Reaction kinetics
• Soil water systems
• Organic matter
• Water suspended solids
• Water quality
• Water decontamination technologies
• Environmental advances
• Soil metal
• Soil types
• Soil chemistry
• Both grain As
• Soil sampling and methods of analysis
• Soil sampling and methods of analysis (Second edition)
• Soil sampling and handling
• Diagnostic methods for soil
• Environmental management
• Soil chemical analyses
• marine environmental protection
• pollution prevention measures
• environmental consequences
• environmental science
• resource management
• soil pollution
• soil pollution treatment
• environmental toxicology
• Lecture Environmental science
• Natural system
• Environmental problems
• Natural world
• Soil horizons
• Aggregate indices method
• Quality evaluation
• Relative soil quality index
• Soil quality
• Soil Environmental Quality
• Rice intensive cultivation areas
• Bài viết nghiên cứu khoa học
• Organic chemicals
• Mineral solubility
• Soil minerals
• Surface chemical properties
• Environmental challenges
• Human health risk based soil quality
• Conceptual framework
• Soil policy
• Modeling soil erosion
• Soil erodibility
• Soil erosion
• Upper Beles
• environmental technology
• environmental resources
• the harm caused by pollution
• effects of environmental pollution
• marine environment protection
• pollution prevention and control measures
• emission factors
• environmental pollution
• water pollution
• air pollution
• environmental emissions
• marine environment
• protection
• protection of the marine environment
• báo cáo khoa học
• báo cáo hóa học
• công trình nghiên cứu về hóa học
• tài liệu về hóa học
• cách trình bày báo cáo
• Physical chemistry
• Some of its constituents
• Solutionlmineral salt chemistry
• Their surface properties
• Redox chemistry
• Pyrite oxidation chemistry
• Human ecology
• Lecture Human ecology
• Human impacts
• Environmental study
• Soil resources
• science books
• wastewater treatment
• Soil Agents
• Related Issues
• Soil System
• Geomorphologic Type
• Environmental Variables
• Digital Soil Mapping
• Soil Landscape Inference Model (SoLIM )
• Individual Validation
• Spatial distribution information
• Geomorphologic variable
• Soil sample
• North western region
• Soil samples surrounding
• Micro flora found
• Spatial distribution
• Ecology of soil parasites
• Schistosoma haematobium
• Faecal contamination
• Soil transmitted helminths
• Impact of flooding on the soil microbiota
• Microbial community
• The soil microbiota
• Flood prone cropland
• CORINE erosion model
• Soil map
• Soil texture
• Geographic information system
• Biological properties
• Mineral Nutrition
• Root Absorption
• Soil Fungi
• Plant Interaction
• Plant Soil
• Microorganism Interactions
• Shore protection construction work
• Soil stabilizer
• Wave load
• Current load
• Coastal reinforced materials
• Environmental protection
• Heavy metals
• Non industrial areas
• Water and fodder between industrial
• Heavy metal contamination in soil
• Environmental components
• Heavy metal
• Potential toxic heavy metal contamination
• Roadside soil
• Urban soils are significant environmental issue
• Chemical industry