TAILIEUCHUNG - Matthias Doepke - Marcroeconomics - Chapter 4

Chapter 4 The Demand for Money This chapter seeks to explain one stark fact: the authors used to withdraw $20 when they went to the ATM, whereas now they tend to withdraw $300. We are going to make a model to examine this question. In our model, a consumer chooses how often to go to the bank and how much money to withdraw once there. | Chapter 4 The Demand for Money This chapter seeks to explain one stark fact the authors used to withdraw 20 when they went to the ATM whereas now they tend to withdraw 300. We are going to make a model to examine this question. In our model a consumer chooses how often to go to the bank and how much money to withdraw once there. Let T be the amount of time in fractions of a year between a consumer s trips to the bank to get money. If T is 1 3 then the consumer goes to the bank every 4 months or three times a year. For arbitrary T the consumer makes 1 T trips to the bank in a year. Going to the bank is a pain. It takes time and effort and the bank may charge for each withdrawal. We accumulate all such expenses into some dollar cost 7. We could derive 7 by i calculating the consumer s opportunity cost of time ii multiplying that by the amount of time required to go to the bank and iii adding any fees charged by the bank. The cost per year of this consumer s trips to the bank is just the number of trips times the cost per trip so the consumer s annual transactions costs are 1 T . If all the prices in the economy double then these costs double since both bank fees and the opportunity cost of the consumer s time Accordingly in order to get the real impact on the consumer of these annual costs we need to adjust them by the price level F so the consumers real2 Here we see that if prices double then both F and 7 double and those extra factors of two cancel so real costs do not change as we require. 1 If all prices in the economy double then the prices of anything the consumer produces double. Put differently the consumer s wage doubles. Either of these implies that the opportunity cost of the consumer s time doubles. 2The distinction between real and nominal values means the same thing here as in Barro s discussion about real versus nominal GDP See his Chapter 1. Nominal values are actual dollars. Real dollars are scaled so that their purchasing power is constant.

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