TAILIEUCHUNG - Lecture Environmental science - Chapter 2: Ecosystemt: Units of sustainability

An ecosystem is a biotic (organic) community joined with the abiotic (inorganic) conditions it lives in. Abiotic factors determine the kind of biotic community that will be found in a given area because the biotic community is both supported by and limited by the abiotic factors. Ecosystems are important because they are the functional units of sustainable life on Earth, making them models of the cycles that produce sustainability. | Chapter 2 Ecosystems: Units of Sustainability Levels of organization of matter: Universe Planets Ecosphere/biosphere Ecosystems (abio and biotic) Communities (many species) Populations (one species) Organisms (one individual) Cells Atoms Plants and animals interacting with their abiotic environment. Ecosystems exist in biomes. Ecosystems Climate – average temperature and precipitation over time (multiple years.) Weather – daily variations in temp and precipitation Microclimate and Other Abiotic Factors: - Light Intensity - Soil Type - Topography Biomes Climograph Work together to build your own study guide on biomes. More climographs Trophic Categories Producers (autotrophs) - create organic molecules - Photosynthesis. Consumers (heterotrophs) – eat things. Detritus feeders – consume detritus and aide in decomposition. Example: earthworm Decomposers – digest the detritus more fully and create inorganic material (breaking the carbon bonds.) Example: bacteria and fungi Trophic (Relationship) Levels Food webs (Organism Inter-Relationships): Trophic levels (bottom to top): producers (plants) primary consumers (herbivores) secondary consumers tertiary consumers Biomass and Biomass Pyramid All biomass gets its energy from the sun Only 10% of energy from one trophic level moves to the next trophic level Energy released, low on the Biomass Pyramid, is high potential energy molecules (like glucose) then converted to low potential energy molecules (like carbon dioxide) higher on the Pyramid. Understand the concept of eating lower on the biomass pyramid Figure 2-12 Relationships Mutualism Example: flowers & insects Commensalism Predator Prey Host Parasite Competition How are competitive relationships reduced? habitat vs. niche Limiting Factors Temperature, light, oxygen, carbon dioxide, precipitation Optimum levels Zones of stress Limits of Tolerance Range of Tolerance Synergistic effects – The interaction of two or more factors is greater than the sum of the effects when each acts alone. Example: pollution and disease Implication for Humans Three Revolutions * Neolithic Revolution * Industrial Revolution * Environmental Revolution

• Môi trường
• Environmental science
• Lecture Environmental science
• Natural system
• Environmental problems
• Natural world
• Sustainability in ecosystems
• science books
• Models for Data
• Environmental Sampling
• Environmental Management
• Principles of Environmental Science
• Science of Environment
• Cwrent Environmental Issues
• Environmental Penonnance Standards
• Tools for Environmental Management
• Sustainable future
• Organic compounds
• Dynamic equilibrium
• The human population
• Saltwater intrusion
• Soil horizons
• Production of food
• Environmental concerns
• Environmental interrelationships
• Environmental ethics
• Interrelated scientific principles
• Human ecology
• Lecture Human ecology
• Environmental laws
• Environmental legislation
• Environmental justice
• thuật ngữ môi trường
• khoa học môi trường
• xử lý chất thải
• quản lý môi trường
• ô nhiễm môi trường
• Protection of biodiversity
• Protection ecosystems
• Energy from fossil fuels
• Important energy facts
• Nuclear power
• Nuclear waste
• Renewable energy
• Indirect solar power
• Risk analysis
• Cost benefit analysis
• Water pollution
• Sewage treatment
• Municipal solid waste
• Sanitary landfill
• Hazardous chemicals
• Hazardous materials
• Layers of the atmosphere
• The atmosphere
• Air pollution
• Acid deposition
• environmental studies
• environment and ecology
• environmental pollution
• environmental protection
• ecology natural environment