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Communication is often conceived of in basically the following terms. A person has some idea which he or she wants to communicate to a second person. The first person translates that idea into some symbol system which is transmitted through some medium to the receiver. The receiver receives the transmission and translates it into some internal idea. Communication, in this view, is considered good to the extent that there is an isomorphism between the idea in the head of the sender before sending the message and the idea in the receiver's head after recieving the message. . | THE COMPUTER AS AN ACTIVE COMMUNICATION MEDIUM John c. Thomas IBM T. J. Watson Research Center PO Box 218 Yorktown Heights New York 10598 1. THE NATURE OF COMMUNICATION Communication is often conceived of in basically the following terms. A person has some idea which he or she wants to communicate to a second person. The first person translates that idea into some symbol system which is transmitted through some medium to the receiver. The receiver receives the transmission and translates it into some internal Idea. Communication in this view is considered good to the extent that there is an isomorphism between the idea in the head of the sender before sending the message and the idea in the receiver s head after recieving the message. A good medium of communication in this view is one that adds minimal noise to the signal. Messages are considered good partly to the extent that they are unabmiguous. This is by and large the view of many of the people concerned with computers and communication. For a moment consider a quite different view of communication. In this view communication is basically a design-interpretation process. One person has goals that they believe can be aided by communicating. The person therefore designs a message which Is intended to facillitate those goals. In most cases the goal includes changing some cognitive structure In one or more other people s minds. Each receiver of a message however has his or her own goals in mind and a model of the world including a model of the sender and interprets the received message in light of that other world information and relative to the perceived goals of the sender. This view has been articulated further elsewhere Ịị . This view originates primarily from putting the rules of language and the basic nature of human beings in perspective. The basic nature of human beings is that we are living organisms and our behavior is goals-directed. The rules of language are convenient but secondary. We can language .