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The description of historical events of rubber trees is mostly based on Polhamus 1962. Historically, rubber is a non-wood forest product that has been utilized since ancient times. Its geographic distribution has been present in all continents within the tropical forest areas. Many tree species were utilized until the starting of large scale rubber plantations in the early 1900s. It has been found that rubber was an important commodity in the ancient cultures of Latin America where people used it to have protective clothes, balls for playing games and syringes. Also it has been found. | Rubber Plantations in Southern Thailand management and social and economic functions. Gabriela Albarracín Fobissie Blese Kalame Eddie Glover Olli Kainulainen Tuomas Koskipaa Sini Makkonen Chakrit Na Takuathung 2006 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION.4 1.1 Background.4 1.2 History of rubber utilization in Southeast Asia.6 1.3 History of rubber cultivation in Thailand.6 2 RUBBER INDUSTRY.8 2.1 Economic significance of rubber in Thailand.8 2.2 Rubber exports and domestic use.8 2.2.1 Standard Grades.9 2.3 Quality of raw rubber.11 2.4 Ribbed smoked sheet RSS production. 3 MANAGEMENT OF RUBBER PLANTATIONS. 3.1 Rubber cultivation. 3.1.1 Land preparation and layout. 3.1.2 Planting material. 3.1.3 Seeds and planting. 3.1.4 Growth. 3.1.5 Weeding. 3.1.6 Fertilization . 3.1.7 Mulching and pruning. 3.1.8 Fire prevention. 3.1.9 Intercropping. 3.2 Tapping. 4. RUBBER AND SMALL-SCALE RUBBER FARMERS . 4.1 The role of rubber in small-scale rubber farmer s livelihood. 4.2 Office of rubber replanting aid fund ORRAF . 4.2.1 The ORRAF replanting program. 4.2.2 Establishment of new rubber plantations. 4.2.3 Marketing services by ORRAF. 5. RUBBERWOOD SAWING. 5.1 Background for rubberwood sawing. 5.2 Physical and mechanical properties of rubberwood. 12 Deleted 14 Deleted 14 Deleted 14 Deleted 14 Deleted 15 Deleted 15 Deleted 15 Deleted 16 Deleted 16 Deleted 17 Deleted 17 Deleted 17 Deleted 20 Deleted 20 Deleted 21 Deleted 22 Deleted 22 Deleted 23 Deleted 25 Deleted 25 Deleted 27 19 20 20 21 22 22 23 2 Deleted 27 24 1----------- 25 Deleted 28 27 Deleted 30 Deleted 31 9R 1----------- 5.3 The rubberwood sawmill operation. 5.4 Rubberwood markets. REFERENCES. INTERVIEWS AND PRESENTATIONS.
