Đang chuẩn bị nút TẢI XUỐNG, xin hãy chờ
Tải xuống
Cảm quang âm khi bị chiếu sáng trở nên không bị hoà tan trong các dung môi tương ứng. Còn các cảm quang dương thì ngược lại, khi bị chiếu sáng sẽ hoà tan trong các dung môi. | Both design automation and design verification tools require computer-readable descriptions of the underlying circuit function and structure to operate. These computer-based descriptions vary from simple geometrical specification languages such as C1F1 Caltech Intermediate Form to high-level functional description languages such as VHDL2 a hardware design language . Initially the focus of this chapter is on a description of design tools related to or based on geometrical layout. A simplified geometrical specification language will be examined. Required functionality provided by tools that input and display integrated circuit layout will also be described. Then tools that check layout geometries and extract circuit net list information will be detailed. Design tools for higher-level design description and verification are described next. Circuit switch and logic simulation for digital circuits are introduced and compared. Timing analysis is examined as a way to verify the temporal operation of digital circuits. Hardware design languages such as VHDL and EDIFJ Electronic Design Interchange Format are introduced with simple examples provided to clarify important concepts. The descriptions of design verification and design automation tools provided here use MOS examples primarily. The concepts are directly applicable to bipolar designs although some changes in specific tool capability may be required by different technologies. The chapter concludes with an introduction to automated methods of generating layout from high-level descriptions of digital circuits via silicon compilers. INTEGRATED CIRCUIT LAYOUT Historically integrated circuit design and integrated circuit layout functions were performed by separate groups. The circuit design task resulted in mixed logic and transistor-level circuit diagrams describing the intended circuits. A circuit description like that of Fig. 10.1-1 was given to layout artists who were experts at converting circuit diagrams to .
