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This paper identifies five water environmental problems in the Delta that are the principal limiting factors of agricultural production and human health, i.e. (i) the salinity intrusion in the coastal areas, (ii) the effect of acid sulfate soils, (iii) the polluted water from human activities, (iv) the fresh water shortage in the dry season and (v) the flood in the rainy season. The discussion and conclusion present the people’s adaption strategies and water gorvernance issues in pursing sustainable management in the region. | The 2nd International Symposium on Water Environment Partnership in Asia (WEPA). 3-4 December 2007. New Life Plaza, Oita, Japan ================================================================================ WATER ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE IN THE MEKONG RIVER DELTA, VIETNAM Le Anh Tuan1,2) and Guido Wyseure2) 1) Department of Environmental and Water Resources Engineering, College of Technology Can Tho University, Campus II, Street 3/2, Can Tho City, Vietnam E-mail: latuan@ctu.edu.vn 2) Division for Land and Water Management, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium E-mail: guido.wyseure@biw.kuleuven.be Abstract The Mekong River Delta in Vietnam is the largest agriculture and aquaculture production region of the nation. The total natural area of the Delta amounts to 3.9 million ha, of which 2.4 million ha of land is currently used for agriculture and aquaculture and 0.4 million ha for forestry. As the most downstream part of the Mekong River to both the South China Sea and the Gulf of Thailand, the Delta is a large tropical wetland. Also, the Delta is very densely populated with intense associated water pollution. The combination of the hydrological regime, sea, soil-type and pollution poses water quality management problems for irrigation. This paper identifies five water environmental problems in the Delta that are the principal limiting factors of agricultural production and human health, i.e. (i) the salinity intrusion in the coastal areas, (ii) the effect of acid sulfate soils, (iii) the polluted water from human activities, (iv) the fresh water shortage in the dry season and (v) the flood in the rainy season. The discussion and conclusion present the people’s adaption strategies and water gorvernance issues in pursing sustainable management in the region. Keywords: Mekong River Delta, water environment, governance, sustainable management. 1. Introduction The Mekong River is the world’s second richest river .
