Đang chuẩn bị liên kết để tải về tài liệu:
Logic kỹ thuật số thử nghiệm và mô phỏng P1

Things don’t always work as intended. Some devices are manufactured incorrectly, others break or wear out after extensive use. In order to determine if a device was manufactured correctly, or if it continues to function as intended, it must be tested. The test is an evaluation based on a set of requirements. Depending on the complexity of the product, the test may be a mere perusal of the product to determine whether it suits one’s personal whims, or it could be a long, exhaustive checkout of a complex system to ensure compliance with many performance and safety criteria. Emphasis may. | CHAPTER 1 Introduction 1.1 INTRODUCTION Things don t always work as intended. Some devices are manufactured incorrectly others break or wear out after extensive use. In order to determine if a device was manufactured correctly or if it continues to function as intended it must be tested. The test is an evaluation based on a set of requirements. Depending on the complexity of the product the test may be a mere perusal of the product to determine whether it suits one s personal whims or it could be a long exhaustive checkout of a complex system to ensure compliance with many performance and safety criteria. Emphasis may be on speed of performance accuracy or reliability. Consider the automobile. One purchaser may be concerned simply with color and styling another may be concerned with how fast the automobile accelerates yet another may be concerned solely with reliability records. The automobile manufacturer must be concerned with two kinds of test. First the design itself must be tested for factors such as performance reliability and serviceability. Second individual units must be tested to ensure that they comply with design specifications. Testing will be considered within the context of digital logic. The focus will be on technical issues but it is important not to lose sight of the economic aspects of the problem. Both the cost of developing tests and the cost of applying tests to individual units will be considered. In some cases it becomes necessary to make trade-offs. For example some algorithms for testing memories are easy to create a computer program to generate test vectors can be written in less than 12 hours. However the set of test vectors thus created may require several millenia to apply to an actual device. Such a test is of no practical value. It becomes necessary to invest more effort into initially creating a test in order to reduce the cost of applying it to individual units. This chapter begins with a discussion of quality. Once we reach an .