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(BQ) Part 2 book "Cognitive psychology" has contents: The landscape of memory - Mental images, maps, and propositions; the organization of knowledge in the mind, language, language in context, problem solving and creativity, decision making and reasoning. | C H 7 A P T E R The Landscape of Memory: Mental Images, Maps, and Propositions CHAPTER OUTLINE Mental Representation of Knowledge Communicating Knowledge: Pictures versus Words Pictures in Your Mind: Mental Imagery Dual-Code Theory: Images and Symbols Storing Knowledge as Abstract Concepts: Propositional Theory What Is a Proposition? Using Propositions Do Propositional Theory and Imagery Hold Up to Their Promises? Limitations of Mental Images Limitations of Propositional Theory Mental Manipulations of Images Principles of Visual Imagery Neuroscience and Functional Equivalence Mental Rotations How Does Mental Rotation Work? Intelligence and Mental Rotation Neuroscience and Mental Rotation Gender and Mental Rotation Zooming in on Mental Images: Image Scaling Examining Objects: Image Scanning Representational Neglect Synthesizing Images and Propositions Do Experimenters’ Expectations Influence Experiment Outcomes? Johnson-Laird’s Mental Models Neuroscience: Evidence for Multiple Codes Left Brain or Right Brain: Where Is Information Manipulated? Two Kinds of Images: Visual versus Spatial Spatial Cognition and Cognitive Maps Of Rats, Bees, Pigeons, and Humans Rules of Thumb for Using Our Mental Maps: Heuristics Creating Maps from What You Hear: Text Maps Key Themes Summary Thinking about Thinking: Analytical, Creative, and Practical Questions Key Terms Media Resources 269 270 CHAPTER 7 • The Landscape of Memory: Mental Images, Maps, and Propositions Here are some of the questions we will explore in this chapter: 1. 2. 3. 4. What are some of the major hypotheses regarding how knowledge is represented in the mind? What are some of the characteristics of mental imagery? How does knowledge representation benefit from both images and propositions? How may conceptual knowledge and expectancies influence the way we use images? n BELIEVE IT OR NOT CITY MAPS OF MUSIC FOR THE BLIND How can a person who is blind find his or her way around in a new city? .