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Booster biocides are widely used in antifouling paints as bioactive agents against fouling organisms. In previously published reports, acute toxicity tests on Artemia salina (Linnaeus, 1758) were only focused on a part of the life cycle of the organism. | Turkish Journal of Biology Turk J Biol (2013) 37: 151-157 © TÜBİTAK doi:10.3906/biy-1205-39 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/biology/ Research Article Toxicities of diuron and irgarol on the hatchability and early stage development of Artemia salina 1 1 2, Hakan ALYÜRÜK , Levent ÇAVAŞ * Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Dokuz Eylül University, Tınaztepe Campus, İzmir, Turkey 2 Department of Chemistry, Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Tınaztepe Campus, İzmir, Turkey Received: 19.05.2012 Accepted: 03.09.2012 Published Online: 25.03.2013 Printed: 25.04.2013 Abstract: Booster biocides are widely used in antifouling paints as bioactive agents against fouling organisms. In previously published reports, acute toxicity tests on Artemia salina (Linnaeus, 1758) were only focused on a part of the life cycle of the organism. The aim of this study was to investigate the toxicities of diuron and irgarol on the hatching stage of A. salina. According to the results, diuron significantly decreased the hatching percentage of A. salina cysts and prevented the hatching of larvae. The EC50 value for diuron was found as 12.01 mg/L. On the other hand, irgarol had no effect on the hatching percentage and did not change the morphology of larvae. Molecular docking experiments showed that diuron could be a potential hatching enzyme inhibitor. In conclusion, toxicities of booster biocides should be tested not only on active nauplii but also at their hatching stage since diuron significantly decreased the hatching percentage of A. salina in the present study. Key words: Artemia salina, diuron, ecotoxicology, irgarol, molecular docking 1. Introduction Attachment of marine organisms to any artificial surface in the marine environment is known as biofouling (1,2). This biological event occurs mainly on marine vehicles as well as on other artificial surfaces such as ship bilges, underwater pipes and docks, sonar equipment, oil .
