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With the great voyages in the fifteenth century it became necessary to evaluate the damage caused by the potential loss of ships. Emerges then the term risk, with connotations similar to what is meant today, but the understanding of its causes was related to accidents and, therefore, impossible to predict. The development of classical probability theory, in the midseventeenth century, to solve problems related to gambling, allowed the start of the process of quantifying the risks, but the causes were still credited to chance | PUBLIC HEALTH - SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL HEALTH Edited by Jay Maddock INTECHOPEN.COM Public Health - Social and Behavioral Health Edited by Jay Maddock Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9 51000 Rijeka Croatia Copyright 2012 InTech All chapters are Open Access distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license which allows users to download copy and build upon published articles even for commercial purposes as long as the author and publisher are properly credited which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. After this work has been published by InTech authors have the right to republish it in whole or part in any publication of which they are the author and to make other personal use of the work. Any republication referencing or personal use of the work must explicitly identify the original source. As for readers this license allows users to download copy and build upon published chapters even for commercial purposes as long as the author and publisher are properly credited which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. Notice Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily those of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the published chapters. The publisher assumes no responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the use of any materials instructions methods or ideas contained in the book. Publishing Process Manager Romina Skomersic Technical Editor Teodora Smiljanic Cover Designer InTech Design Team First published May 2012 Printed in Croatia A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com Additional hard copies can be obtained from orders@intechopen.com Public Health - Social and Behavioral Health Edited by Jay Maddock p. cm. ISBN 978-953-51-0620-3 INTECH open science I open minds free online editions of InTech Books .