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Free radicals are highly unstable molecules that are naturally formed when you exercise and when your body converts food into energy. Your body can also be exposed to free radicals from a variety of environmental sources, such as cigarette smoke, air pollution, and sunlight. Free radicals can cause “oxidative stress,” a process that can trigger cell damage. Oxidative stress is thought to play a role in a variety of diseases including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and eye diseases such as cataracts and age- related macular degeneration | Updated 12 2011 Funding Organizations with Approved Peer Review and Funding Systems As described in the new Cancer Center Support Grant CCSG Guidelines eligibility criteria for applying for a CCSG application and for meeting the minimum standard to be considered a research program require specific minimum levels of peer reviewed funded research projects. In addition peer reviewed funded research projects always have access to CCSG shared resources. To be considered as a peer reviewed funded project the responsible funding agency or organization should meet the general NIH standards of peer review and funding. These include meeting three criteria 1 a peer review system which uses primarily external reviewers and is free of conflict-of-interest 2 a ranking or rating system in the review process based on the scientific merit of the proposed research and 3 a funding system based primarily on the peer review ranking or rating of the research applications. In addition to research grants contracts and cooperative agreements from the NIH which now includes all of the research elements of the ADAMHA Alcohol Drug Abuse and Mental Health Administration the organizations listed below generally employ a system of external review and funding that complies closely with the NIH standard. All funded multi-year research projects equivalent in size and complexity to an NIH R01 from these organizations excluding contracts pilot projects and feasibility studies are eligible 1 to count toward the minimum research base of a cancer center 2 to have access to CCSG shared resources and 3 to count toward the minimum number of grants needed to constitute a research program of the center as defined in the 2004 Interim CCSG Guidelines 1. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality AHRQ 2. American Cancer Society ACS national office only 3. American Foundation for AIDS Research AFAR 4. American Institute for Cancer Research AICR 5. California Institute for Regenerative Medicine CIRM 6. Cancer .
