Đang chuẩn bị nút TẢI XUỐNG, xin hãy chờ
Tải xuống
Mercury health effects depend on the type of mercury to which a person is exposed. In general, health impacts include renal toxicity, damage to the immune system, alteration of genetic and enzyme systems and neurological damage, especially in babies exposed in utero. Methyl mercury is the most toxic form of mercury because it is absorbed quickly in the body and expelled much more slowly. Currently there is not enough human exposure data to make links between mercury and cancer. Mercury health effects are difficult to quantify using WHO’s approach because disability weights have not yet been assigned to the types. | _ GREEN V blacksmith CROSS INSTITUTE The World s Worst Pollution Problems Assessing Health Risks at Hazardous Waste Sites I This document was prepared by the staff of Blacksmith Institute in partnership with Green Cross Switzerland with input and review from a number of experts and volunteers to whom we are most grateful. Contributions Sara Mills-Knapp MS Kira Traore Bret Ericson MSc John Keith MS David Hanrahan MSc Jack Caravanos DrPH Special Thanks To Nathalie Gysi Stephan Robinson Andrea Walter Triple Smart Blacksmith Institute Technical Advisory Board Members Blacksmith Institute staff and Green Cross Switzerland staff. For questions comments and feedback please contact Blacksmith Institute 475 Riverside Drive New York NY 10115 1 212 647-8330 Info@blacksmithinstitute.org Media inquiries should be directed to Bret Ericson bret@blacksmithinstitute.org Media inquiries in Europe should be directed to Nathalie Gysi Green Cross Switzerland Fabrikstrasse 17 8005 Zurich Switzerland 41 0 43 499 13 10 nathalie.gysi@greencross.ch This report is available online at www.worstpolluted.org TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary.4 Introduction About the Report.6 Scope of the Problem.6 Toxic Pollution and Human Health .8 What can be done .9 Global Burden of Disease and DALYs Global Health Burden of Toxic Pollution.9 Calculating DALYs - Disability Adjusted Life Years DALYs .10 Applying DALYs Globally.11 Pollutant Lead.13 Pollutant Chromium.15 Pollutant Mercury.16 Pollutant Asbestos.17 The Top Ten List Lead-Acid Battery Recycling.19 Lead Smelting.21 Mining and Ore Processing.24 Tannery Operations.27 Industrial Municipal Dump Sites.29 Industrial Estates.32 Artisanal Gold Mining.34 Product Manufacturing.37 Chemical Manufacturing.34 Dye Industry.43 The Remaining Five Sources Petrochemical Industry.45 Electronic Waste Recycling.46 Heavy Industry.47 Pesticide Manufacturing Storage and Use in Agriculture.48 Uranium Processing.49 .
