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Đánh giá rủi ro là công cụ phân tích năm có thể xác định số lượng dự kiến để đe doạ đối với các môi trường và / hoặc sức khỏe công chúng. Một khi chơi nhạc cụ của năm học Vài nhà phân tích tương đối, hiện nay thường xuyên đánh giá rủi ro Thực hiện bởi hàng trăm Nhiều mục đích chuyên nghiệp và điều tiết cho, ít nhất là ** Trong Riskbased Mỹ Các quy định và quyết định rất nhiều, và Do khí hậu hiện nay chính trị, các sử dụng đánh giá rủi ro IS khả năng để tiếp tục. | CHAPTER 31 Special Topics in Risk Assessment Models and Uncertainties Stephen G. Zemba and Laura C. Green CONTENTS I. Introduction.551 II. Use of Models in Risk Assessment.552 A. Consider the Relevance of the Model.553 B. Review Input and Output Parameters.554 C. Check Equations and Calculations.555 D. Perform Reality Checks.556 III. Uncertainty in Risk Assessment.557 IV. Conclusion.560 References.561 I. INTRODUCTION Risk assessment is an analytic tool intended to quantify possible threats to the environment and or the public health. Once an academic instrument played by relatively few analysts risk assessments are now routinely performed by hundreds of professionals and for many regulatory purposes at least within the U.S. Riskbased decisions and regulations abound and given the current political climate the use of risk assessment is likely to continue to expand. As used here risk assessment means the quantitative assessment of risks to both human health and the environment due to exposure to chemical contaminants present in air soil water and or food. Formal quantitative risk assessment is somewhat unique to the U.S. In Europe and elsewhere analyses typically rely less on detailed modeling and extrapolations and more on the semiquantitative judgements of toxicologists and other scientists and engineers. 551 2001 by CRC Press LLC 552 A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENT REPORTS Risk assessment is distinguished from other environmental disciplines by its integration of the physical and biological sciences. A thorough understanding of a risk assessment typically requires detailed expertise in a variety of fields. In addition risk assessment procedures have burgeoned in complexity. Ten or 15 years ago a typical assessment included at most a few basic pathways routes from a source to a person and risk estimates were typically constructed as simple order-of-magnitude estimates. Nowadays risk assessments endeavor to account for all relevant avenues of .
