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Thủ tục Thực hiện đánh giá rủi ro Nguyên phát triển bởi WS Học viện Khoa học Quốc gia đầu những năm 1980 và các bước Có chứa lò: nguy hiểm xác định, đánh giá phản ứng liều, đánh giá tiếp xúc, và đặc tính rủi ro. Điều này Sami phương pháp cơ bản tiếp tục Hãy sử dụng ngày nay là Cơ sở để Đánh giá hóa chất. Mặc dù khoa học đồng thuận chung về các thành phần cá nhân đánh giá rủi ro, sự khác biệt đáng kể tồn tại trong các giá trị số cho tính toán. . | CHAPTER 29 International Health Risk Assessment Approaches for Pesticides Colleen J. Dragula Johnson and Gary J. Burin CONTENTS I. Introduction.527 II. Sources of Information.528 III. Differences in Policy and Objectives.528 IV. Performing Assessments.531 V. Issues Affecting Risk Assessment Decisions.534 VI. Status of International Harmonization Efforts.533 VII. Conclusion.534 References.534 I. INTRODUCTION The procedure for conducting risk assessments was originally developed by the National Academy of Sciences in the early 1980s and contained four steps hazard identification dose-response assessment exposure assessment and risk characterization. This same basic method continues to be used today as the basis for assessing chemicals. Despite the general scientific consensus on the individual components of a risk assessment substantial differences exist in the numerical values calculated. This chapter compares and contrasts the techniques used by various countries for assessing the risks associated with pesticide substances. Particular emphasis is placed on quantitating cancer risk a contentious area within the scientific and regulatory communities for many years. In addition the impact of mechanism of action i.e. genotoxic and nongenotoxic is emphasized since this often drives the assessment procedures used by countries. 527 2001 by CRC Press LLC 528 A PRACTICAL GUIDE TO ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENT REPORTS In order to provide more consistency between countries on the methods used to assess risk a number of scientific meetings and conferences have discussed international harmonization efforts. To determine the status of this issue within the international community the International Programme on Chemical Safety IPCS sponsored a project utilizing a survey questionnaire to obtain information on assessment techniques utilized by 21 Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development OECD and select nonOECD countries. Several review articles and documents have also
