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Tham khảo tài liệu 'aeronautical engineer data book episode 11', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Airport design and compatibility 191 Table 11.2 Airside and landside service considerations Landside Airside Ground passenger Aircraft apron handling handling including Airside passenger - Check-in transfer - Security Baggage and cargo - Customs and handling immigration Aircraft fuelling - Information Cabin cleaning and - Catering catering - Cleaning and Engine starting maintenance maintenance - Shopping and Aircraft de-icing concessionary facilities Runway inspection and - Ground transportation maintenance Management and Firefighting and administration of airport emergency services staff Air traffic control Other basic airport requirements are Navigation aids - normally comprising an Instrument Landing System ILS to guide aircraft from 15 miles from the runway threshold. Other commonly installed aids are - Visual approach slope indicator system VASIS - Precise approach path indicator PAPI Airfield lighting - White neon lighting extending up to approximately 900 m before the runway threshold threshold lights green usable pavement end lights red and taxiway lights blue edges and green centreline . permitting simultaneous operation is required. Airports with two simultaneous runways can frequently handle over 50 million passengers per year with the main constraint being again the provision of adequate terminal space. Layouts with four parallel runways can have operational capacities of more than one million aircraft movements per year and annual passenger movements in excess of 100 million. The main capacity constraints of such facilities are in the provision of sufficient airspace for controlled aircraft movements and in the provision of adequate access facilities. Most large international airport designs face access problems before they reach the operational capacity of their runways. 192 Aeronautical Engineer s Data Book 11.1.7 Terminal designs Open apron and linear designs The simplest layout for passenger terminals is the open apron design Figure 11.21 a in .
