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Tham khảo tài liệu 'kaplan toefl ibt fourth edition part 18', ngoại ngữ, toefl - ielts - toeic phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Chapter I Reading 111 Before Freud dreams were dealt with in religious or metaphysical ways. In the Me .opotdfnan epic. G. Jgamezh written in 2700 B.C dream heralded the arrr d of gc K In 8abyhn Assyria and Egypt dreams were considered prophetic rulers were Known to heed their dreams before making military and other major decisions. The transition from a rcipous conception of drcams to an attemptac scientific explanation began n Ancient Greece Pythagoras believed nightmares were caused by spiled feed and A istotle considered dreams to be msn testations of the soul both internal to the individual opposed to supernatural interpretations. The European Renaissance initiated scientific inquiry mto aW manner of thmg but rt ww centuries before scientific prbciples were appfied co the interpretation of dreams From the 16th to the 19th centuries the brain y s studied as an anatomical object and by Freud s tme neurofogjsts had already begun to discover correlations between areas of the brain and specie neurological activities. But it remained for Freud to open up the mind as opposed to the brain to modern scienti c mvestgatirxx Freud s revelation that dreams might contain useful information came in 1895. when he dreamed about a patent d hr whose treatment had not yielded its eipected results. By carefully making conscious associations with the migr y n his dream. Freud was able to interpret the dream as representing an attempt by his mind to xotea itself from the appointment generated by his inability bed 1 . patient From this expererxe Freud concluded that parts of the human mind worked outside of our conscious awareness and that dreams had meaning. Freud believed that at the core dreams represented a disguised fulfillment of suppressed or repressed wishes. This definition of Freud s emphasizes two key points first that dreams are disguise and second. that the wishes represented in drcams are repressed. The logical condudon Freud wr. r- at wos that by aivalyzirtg dreams the
