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The Fundamentals of Graphic Design- P8: This book is about graphic design rather than being a book of graphic design. The distinction may seem slight, but it is fundamental to this volume as it covers the graphic design industry and its processes rather than simply functioning as a coffee-table book. | AGI left and above These spreads demonstrate the use of the grid as a device that brings order and structure to a design. Even though the grid is visible and marks a standard format the design elements have different sizes that create pace in the spreads.These examples were designed by Faydherbe De Vringer. Grid shown above A graphic structure used to organise the placement of individual elements within a design or page. A grid serves a similar function as the scaffolding used in building construction - it acts as a positioning guide for text pictures diagrams charts folios straplines columns and other design elements. Halftone An image formed from dots suitable for printing using the offset lithographic printing process.The halftone image is formed by using line screens to convert a continuous tone image such as a photograph into a composition of dots.The pattern size and direction of the dots or other shapes can be changed and manipulated to achieve various creative effects. Digital halftone images are commonly stored asTIFF format files. Hierarchy A logical way of expressing the relative importance of different text elements by providing a visual guide to their organisation. A text hierarchy helps to make a layout clear unambiguous and easier to digest. It can be established in numerous ways by employing different font weights sizes and styles. Alternatively a simple hierarchy can be achieved by using different colours of the same font. Imposition plan A plan showing the arrangement of a publication s pages in the sequence and position that they will appear when printed before being cut folded and trimmed. Ink trapping Describes the process of leaving a gap in the bottom ink layer so that any image printed over it overlapping appears without colour modification from the base ink. Knockout and overprinting are techniques that can be used to perform ink trapping. 182 The Fundamentals of Graphic Design Appendix River Island left Marque s brochure for fashion .
