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Arachidonic acid (AA), a 20 carbon chain polyunsaturated fatty acid with 4 double bonds, is an integral constituent of biological cell membrane, conferring it with fluidity and flexibility. The four double bonds of AA predispose it to oxygenation that leads to a plethora of metabolites of considerable importance for the proper function of the immune system, promotion of allergies and inflammation, resolving of inflammation, mood, and appetite. The present review presents an illustrated synopsis of AA metabolism, corroborating the instrumental importance of AA derivatives for health and well-being. It provides a comprehensive outline on AA metabolic pathways, enzymes and signaling cascades, in order to develop new perspectives in disease treatment and diagnosis. | Journal of Advanced Research 11 2018 23-32 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Advanced Research journal homepage www.elsevier.com locate jare Review Synopsis of arachidonic acid metabolism A review Violette Said Hanna Ebtisam Abdel Aziz Hafez Chemistry Department Faculty of Science Cairo University Giza 12613 Egypt Check for updates GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT Sites of hydrolysis for each phospholipase PLA1 PLA2 PLC and PLD . ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history Received 10 January 2018 Revised 8 March 2018 Accepted 11 March 2018 Available online 13 March 2018 Keywords Arachidonic acid Delta desaturases Lipo- and cyclo-oxygenases Eicosanoids Endocannabinoids Isoprostanes Arachidonic acid AA a 20 carbon chain polyunsaturated fatty acid with 4 double bonds is an integral constituent of biological cell membrane conferring it with fluidity and flexibility. The four double bonds of AA predispose it to oxygenation that leads to a plethora of metabolites of considerable importance for the proper function of the immune system promotion of allergies and inflammation resolving of inflammation mood and appetite. The present review presents an illustrated synopsis of AA metabolism corroborating the instrumental importance of AA derivatives for health and well-being. It provides a comprehensive outline on AA metabolic pathways enzymes and signaling cascades in order to develop new perspectives in disease treatment and diagnosis. 2018 Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Cairo University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license http creativecommons.org licenses by-nc-nd 4.0 . Introduction Arachidonic acid AA all-cis-5 8 11 14-eicosatetraenoic acid where eicos or eikosi in Greek refers to the number 20 is an omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid PUFA . Its chemical formula Peer review under responsibility of Cairo University. Corresponding author. E-mail address violette.hanna93@gmail.com V.S. Hanna . is C20H32O2 20 4 ro-6 where 20 4 .
