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Hai hợp chất limonoid mới, azadirachtolid D (1) và azadirachtolid E (2) cùng với một hợp chất đã biết là azdirachtolid (3) đã được cô lập từ lá cây azadirachta indica A.Juss. Ba hợp chất 1, 2 và 3 cho thấy có khả năng ức chế enzyme a-glucosidase. Cấu trúc của các hợp chất được xác định bằng các phương pháp phổ nghiệm và so sánh với các tài liệu tham khảo. | Science & Technology Development, Vol 14, No.T2- 2011 ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITORY LIMONOIDS FROM THE LEAVES OF AZADIRACHTA INDICA A. JUSS GROWN IN NINH THUAN PROVINCE Nguyen Thi Y Nhi, Tran Kim Qui, Tran Le Quan University of Science, VNU-HCM (Manuscript Received on January 05th, 2011, Manuscript Revised October 25th, 2011) ABSTRACT: Two new limonoids, named nimbandiol A (1) and azadirachtolid E (2) were isolated from the leaves of Azadirachta indica, along with deoxyazadirachtolid (3), a known compound. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods and compared with literatures. Three compounds (1-3) showed moderate α-glucosidase inhibitory activities against Saccharomyces cerevisiae α-glucosidase with IC50 values of 38.7 µM, 85.76 µM and 48.24 µM, respectively. in traditional medicine both for treating and INTRODUCTION preventing diabetes. As a part of our continuing α-Glucosidase inhibitors are oral anti- efforts in the discovery of effective α- diabetic drugs used for diabetes mellitus type 2 that work by hydrolysis preventing of the glucosidase inhibitors from natural sources, we digestive carbohydrates have isolated three limonoids (1-3) from the into leaves of neem tree, Azadirachta indica, grown monosaccharides such as D-glucose, which can in Ninh Thuan Province, Vietnam, and test for be absorbed through the intestine. So, α- their glucosidase inhibitors reduce the impact of elucidation neem tree (Azadirachta indica) has been used 18 30 29 8 10 4 5 6 7 O 4' 13 14 and α-glucosidase O O O O 16 5' 3' 2' 1' O O 15 HO OH AcO O 1 EXPERIMENTAL OH O 2 3 Optical rotations were measured on a A. Krüss Optronic. Melting points were determined on a Polytherm A hot stage microscope. UV spectra were on Trang 36 inhibitory O OHOH General α-glucosidase activities. O 22 9 2 23 on 17 11 1 3 O 20 12 MeO2C O 19 21 effect acitivity. This paper reports their structure carbohydrates on
