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Lecture Microbiology - Chapter 17: Basic principles of adaptive immunity and immunization. This chapter presents the following content: Adaptive (acquired) immunity, immune system compartments, protection and development, immune system properties,. | BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY AND IMMUNIZATION CHAPTER 17 Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Adaptive (Acquired) Immunity Natural Artificial Active Passive Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Antigen Characteristics Antigens – Foreign molecules Epitopes – Molecular determinants on Ag – May be multiple on one Ag Haptens – Small Ag – Sometimes cause allergies Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Immune System Compartments B lymphocytes – 10% of circulating lymphocytes – Antibody production – Humoral Immunie compartment T lymphocytes – 75% of circulating lymphocytes – Cell-mediated immune compartment – 4 sub-types • Helper T cells • Cytotoxic T cells • Delayed hypersensitivity T cells Natural Killer cells – No clonal stimulation – Cause lysis and apoptosis of pathogenic cells Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Protection and Development Humoral Immunity – Antibody production by B cells – Bacteria, toxins and viruses Cell-mediated Immunity – Cell lysis, apoptosis – Foreign eukaryotic cells • Virally infected • Fungal, protozoan, helminthic • Cancer • Transplanted organs Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights .
