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Previous research on ellipsis has neglected to address t h e speaker's discourse Eoals in employing the frasment but reel understanding requires that these be identified (Mann, Moore, and Levin, 1977) (Webber, PoZlack, and Hirschberg, 1982). In this paper, we investlgate a framework for interpreting Intersententlal ellipsis that occurs in task-orlented dialogues. This framework includes: | A PRAGMATICS-BASED APPROACH TO UNDERSTANDING INTERSENTENTIAL ELLIPSIS Sandra Carberry Department of Computer and Information Science University of Delaware Newark Delaware 19715 USA ABSTRACT Intersententlal elliptical utterances occur frequently In Information-seeking dialogues. This paper presents a pragaatlcs-based framework for interpreting such utterances including Identification of the speaker s discourse goal In employing the fragment. We claim that the advantage of this approach Is Its reliance upon pragmatic Information Including discourse content and conversational goals rather than upon precise representations of the preceding utterance alone. INTRODUCTION The fragnentary utterances that are common In communication between humans also occur in man-machine communication. Humans persist in using abbreviated statements and queries even In the presence of explicit and repeated Instructions to adhere to syntactically and semantically complete sentences Carbonell 1983 . Thus a robust natural language Interface must handle ellipsis. We have studied one class of elliptical utterances Intersententlal fragments in the con text of an Information-seeking dialogue. As noted by Allend980 such utterances differ from other forms of ellipsis in that interpretation often depends more heavily upon the speaker s inferred underlying task-related plan than upon preceding syntactic forms. For example the following elliptical fragaent can only be Interpreted within the context of the speaker s goal as communicated in the first utterance EXI I want to cash this check. Small bills only. Furthermore intersentential fragments are often employed to communicate discourse goals such as expressing doubt which a syntactically complete form of the same utterance may not convey as effectively. In the following alternative responses to the Initial statement by SPEAKER-1 F1 expresses doubt regarding the proposition stated by SPEAKER-1 whereas F2 merely asks about the jet s contents. This .
