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This chapter explain why sub-national governments exist at all and compare the merits of fiscal decentralisation and centralisation; describe the Tiebout model; describe the assignment of expenditure functions and revenue sources (tax powers) to the national, provincial, and local spheres of government in South Africa; distinguish between tax competition and tax harmonisation. | OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS SOUTHERN AFRICA Public Economics Chapter 17 Fiscal federalism Oxford University Press Southern Africa Pty Ltd 2011 Learning outcomes Explain why sub-national governments exist at all and compare the merits of fiscal decentralisation and centralisation Describe the Tiebout model Describe the assignment of expenditure functions and revenue sources tax powers to the national provincial and local spheres of government in South Africa Distinguish between tax competition and tax harmonisation. OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS SOUTHERN AFRICA Oxford University Press Southern Africa Pty Ltd 2011 Learning outcomes continued Explain the reasons for and the nature of intergovernmental grants List the types of intergovernmental grants Explain the issues that surround borrowing powers and debt management at sub-national level Review the role of the South African Financial and Fiscal Commission FFC in sharing revenue across the three spheres of government Discuss trends and issues in provincial and local government financing in South Africa. OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS SOUTHERN AFRICA Oxford University Press Southern Africa Pty Ltd .