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Review of essential medicine priorities in ear, nose and throat conditions in children

When a complication of acute rhinosinusitis or an alter- native diagnosis is suspected, imaging studies may be ob- tained. Complications of ABRS include orbital, intracranial, or soft tissue involvement. Alternative diagnoses include malignancy and other noninfectious causes of facial pain. Radiographic imaging may also be obtained when the pa- tient has modifying factors or comorbidities that predispose to complications, including diabetes, immune compromised state, or a past history of facial trauma or surgery. Sinus plain film radiography series consists of three views: a lateral, Caldwell or posterior-anterior view (central ray angled 15 degrees), and Waters or occipito-mental view (orbitomeatal line angled 37 degrees to plane). A single Waters view may be adequate in. | Second Meeting of the Subcommittee of the Expert Committee on the Selection and Use of Essential Medicines Geneva 29 September to 3 October 2008 Review of essential medicine priorities in ear nose and throat conditions in children May 2008 Prepared by Andy Gray Senior Lecturer Department of Therapeutics and Medicines Management Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine University of KwaZulu-Natal Durban South Africa Gray ENT priorities draft 2 - 1 - Contents 1. Intent of the review.3 2. Identification of priority conditions.4 3. Search for suitable guidelines.6 4. Identified guidelines.7 4.1 Acute croup.7 4.2 Epiglottitis.8 4.3 Epistaxis.8 4.4 Otitis externa.9 4.5 Otitis media acute and chronic .11 4.6 Rhinosinusitis.16 4.7 Sore throat and common cold .23 5. Medications identified.25 References.30 Gray ENT priorities draft 2 - 2 - 1. Intent of the review The intent of this review is to identify the priority ear nose and throat ENT conditions in children up to 12 years based on good quality treatment guidelines to identify the essential medicines necessary for treating these conditions to review the existing EMLc and highlight those medicines that are already included that are indicated in the management of the identified priority ENT conditions to identify the medicines that need to be added to the EML for these conditions. Gray ENT priorities draft 2 - 3