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Phổ Hoạt động của các sản phẩm kháng nấm tự nhiên và các chất tương tự của họ Tương tự tổng hợp và tự nhiên của Trichoderma chất chuyển hóa 6-pentyl-2H-pyran-2 đã được thử nghiệm cho hoạt động của họ chống lại một loạt các loại nấm sợi. Ứng cử viên cho phát triển "tự nhiên" hay "mềm" thuốc diệt nấm đã được xác định. 15,1 Giới thiệu Trichoderma chất chuyển hóa 6-pentyl-2H pyran-2-một (I) là một phân tử đơn giản (Hình 15.1). Thật thú vị, tổng hợp hóa học của nó đã đạt được trước khi nó được xác định là một. | 15 Spectrum of Activity of Antifungal Natural Products and Their Analogs Stephen R. Parker Robert A. Hill and Horace G. Cutler CONTENTS 15.1 Introduction 15.2 The Synthesis of 6-pentyl-2H-pyran-2-one 15.3 Structure-Activity Relationships of Natural Analogs 15.4 Synthetic Analogs 15.5 Closing Remarks Acknowledgments References ABSTRACT Synthetic and naturally occurring analogs of the Trichoderma metabolite 6-pentyl-2H-pyran-2-one have been tested for their activity against a range of filamentous fungi. Candidates for development as natural or soft fungicides have been identified. 15.1 Introduction The Trichoderma metabolite 6-pentyl-2H-pyran-2-one I is a deceptively simple molecule Figure 15.1 . Interestingly its chemical synthesis was achieved before it was identified as a natural product. In 1969 Nobuhara reported its synthesis in one of a series of papers examining the organoleptic properties of Y- and ỗ-lactones.1-4 The synthetic compound is available today as a nature identical product supplied by certain flavor and fragrance manufacturers. It is used as a food additive for modifying flavor aroma. The Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association FEMA monograph for I FEMA 3696 cites its use in a wide range of food stuffs including baked goods cheese and confectionery. The compound has an aroma described variously as similar to coconut or mushroom. In 1971 Denis and Webster5 demonstrated the production of volatile antibiotics by Tricho-derma isolates. The authors reported that the active isolates were all characterized by a definite coconut smell. However they also noted that not all the isolates that produced this aroma had antagonistic activity by vapor action and the antibiotic activity was tentatively assigned to the production of acetaldehyde. A year later I was identified as a major aroma constituent of Trichoderma viride.6 A direct assessment of the antifungal activity of the compound was not performed. However the .
