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Cùng rỗi ở vùng dưới đồi giữa sàn của tâm thất thứ ba và tuyến yên thường suprasellar, khối u lớn có thể mở rộng vượt ra ngoài khu vực suprasellar định nghĩa, một chút không đồng nhất khối lượng Iso-hoặc | 42 Pediatric Neurosurgery 2 Figure 27. Large left hemispheric irregular heterogeneous dense enhancing PNET with cystic components and punctate calcifications. CT FLAIR T1-WI with contrast Table 11. Sellar and suprasellar tumors Tumor Type Location Imaging Appearance Other Features Figures Astrocytoma Hypothalamus and or optic chiasm Lobulated hypodense solid mass T1 and ĨT2 SI Variable enhancement If large can be heterogeneous Visual deficits and optic disc atrophy Endocrinopathy Associated with NF1 28 Craniopharyngioma Along hypothalamic stalk between floor of third ventricle and pituitary gland Usually suprasellar large tumors can extend beyond suprasellar area Multicystic suprasellar enhancing mass with calcification Rarely intrasellar Variable T1 and ĨT2 SI Headaches Visual deficits Endocrine dysfunction e.g. diabetes insipidus growth failure 29 30 Germinoma Involve stalk and extend into hypothalamus Well-defined slightly heterogeneous mass Iso- or hyperdense ịT1 and mixed T2 SI Enhancement Diabetes insipidus is common 31 Granulomatous disease TB and sarcoid Hypothalamus and infundibulum 1 Enlarged infundibulum Enhancement Hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction Hypothalamic hamartoma Tuber cinereum of hypothalamus between mammillary bodies Well-defined oval mass Isodense and isointense to gray matter No enhancement Precocious puberty Gelastic seizures Developmental delay 32 f increased ị decreased NF1 neurofibromatosis type 1 SI signal intensity continued on next page Diagnostic Imaging Table 11. Continued Tumor Type Location Imaging Appearance Other Features Figures Langerhans cell histiocytosis Hypothalamus infundibulum and pituitary Enlarged infundibulum Enhancement Often indistinguishable from GCT granulomatous process and lymphocytic hypophysitis Hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction Lymphocytic hypophysitis Anterior pituitary and hypothalamus Enlarged hypothalamus and infundibulum Enhancement Headache Visual deficit Hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction Pituitary .
