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People actually report that the symptoms they feel when first exposed to ozone seem to go away, even though their exposure continues. Following ozone injury, if the lung is not exposed to ozone for approximately five to seven days, it can for the most part repair itself provided the injury is not too extensive. However, long-term studies with laboratory animals have shown that there may be residual and in some cases permanent damage. This damage might be thought of as accelerated aging of the lung. Thus, frequent exposures to ozone can cause transient damage. The. | Original Article Ambient Air Pollution and Cardiovascular Emergency Department Visits Kristi Busico Metzger Paige E. Tolbert Mitchel Klein Jennifer L. Peel W. Dana Flanders Knox Toddf James A. Mulholland P. Barry Ryan and Howard Frumkin Background Despite evidence supporting an association between ambient air pollutants and cardiovascular disease CVD the roles of the physicochemical components of particulate matter PM and copollutants are not fully understood. This time-series study examined the relation between ambient air pollution and cardiovascular conditions using ambient air quality data and emergency department visit data in Atlanta Georgia from January 1 1993 to August 31 2000. Methods Outcome data on 4 407 535 emergency department visits were compiled from 31 hospitals in Atlanta. The air quality data included measurements of criteria pollutants for the entire study period as well as detailed measurements of mass concentrations for the fine and coarse fractions of PM and several physical and chemical characteristics of PM for the final 25 months of the study. Emergency department visits for CVD and for cardiovascular subgroups were assessed in relation to daily measures of air pollutants using Poisson generalized linear models controlling for long-term temporal trends and meteorologic conditions with cubic splines. Results Using an a priori 3-day moving average in single-pollutant models CVD visits were associated with NO2 co PM2 5 organic Submitted 19 December 2002 final version accepted 26 September 2003. From the Department of Epidemiology Rollins School of Public Health Emory University Atlanta Georgia the fDepartment of Environmental and Occupational Health Rollins School of Public Health Emory University Atlanta Georgia the Department of Emergency Medicine School of Medicine Emory University Atlanta Georgia and the School of Civil and Environmental Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia. This publication was supported by the .
